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Text 15366, 522 rader
Skriven 2019-05-03 09:42:28 av Sean Dennis (1:18/200)
Ärende: Weekly ARRL Letter
==========================
   The ARRL Letter                                                       
   May 2, 2019                                                           
                                                                         
     * ARRL Reply Comments Stress Need to Update Technician Privileges      
       in a Digital World                                                   
     * World Scout Jamboree Gearing Up for Significant Amateur Radio        
       Presence                                                             
     * Science and Technology: An Ultra-Small Transmitter for VLF?          
     * So Now What? Podcast                                              
     * ARRL's Free Exam Review for Ham Radio Updated                     
     * The K7RA Solar Update                                             
     * Just Ahead in Radiosport                                          
     * HamSCI, Ham Radio 2.0 to Combine Efforts at Dayton Hamvention     
       2019                                                              
     * Annual Armed Forces Day Crossband Test Set for May 11             
     * In Brief...                                                       
     * Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions            
   ARRL Reply Comments Stress Need to Update Technician Privileges in a  
   Digital World                                                         
                                                                         
   In reply comments to the FCC (comments on comments already filed) on  
   its Petition for Rule Making  (RM-11828), ARRL has stressed that      
   updating HF privileges for the entry-level Technician license "is the 
   sole subject and intent" of the petition. ARRL filed its reply        
   comments on April 29, urging the FCC to disregard comments irrelevant 
   to its petition and maintaining that Technician privileges must be    
   relevant within the context of today's technological environment.     
                                                                         
   "[T]he increasingly rapid pace of change in communications            
   technologies, coupled with the national need for self-training in     
   science, technology, engineering, and math" necessitate the rule      
   changes requested, ARRL asserted. "ARRL made its request because of   
   the gap between today's digital technologies and the privileges       
   accorded the current entry-level Technician license." ARRL            
   characterized its proposal to update the rules as "balanced and       
   modest."                                                              
                                                                         
   "If adopted, there would be no change to the operating privileges for 
   all license classes other than those of the Technician class," ARRL   
   said. In 2018, ARRL asked the FCC to expand HF privileges for         
   Technician licensees to include limited phone privileges on 75, 40,   
   and 15 meters, plus RTTY and digital mode privileges on 80, 40, and   
   15 meters. The FCC invited comments on the proposal in April.         
                                                                         
   ARRL pointed out that some comments filed on its petition address     
   subjects related to other open proceedings rather than expanding      
   Technician privileges, citing comments cross-filed in such            
   proceedings as WT Docket 16-239, RM-11708, RM-11759, and RM-11831.    
   "Those filings should be considered in the proceedings that they      
   address, rather than here," ARRL said.                                
                                                                         
   ARRL said some opposition appears based on fears of increased         
   interference potential due to additional digital operation by         
   Technicians. "It is improbable that all, or even a majority, of       
   Technician licensees suddenly would develop a passion for the same    
   digital technology," ARRL said. "Our hope and expectation is that     
   many will engage with digital modes on the high-frequency spectrum at 
   issue, but it is unrealistic to suggest that every Technician         
   licensee blessed with new privileges would suddenly appear on the     
   same band."                                                           
                                                                         
   The comments note the development of very efficient digital modes,    
   such as FT8, which occupies just 90 Hz of spectrum per signal. "The   
   experience with FT8 clearly demonstrates the attraction of the        
   digital modes and the spectrum efficiencies that can be achieved,"    
   ARRL said. "This is why opening up limited digital opportunities to   
   new radio amateurs so clearly would serve the broad public interest   
   as well as the specific purposes of Amateur Radio in experimentation  
   and innovation, as enumerated in the governing FCC rules."            
                                                                         
   ARRL further said that comments regarding disagreement on the         
   definition of encryption for masking the content of certain digital   
   transmissions are also "out of place in this proceeding" and "should  
   not delay initiation of a proceeding" proposing to update Technician  
   privileges.                                                           
                                                                         
   "Technology has changed dramatically in the Amateur Radio domain, and 
   ARRL believes the requested Technician license enhancement would      
   foster the regulatory goals for the Amateur Service and continue to   
   increase amateurs' historical experimentation and service in a        
   meaningful way," ARRL concluded.                                      
                                                                         
   +++                                                                   
   World Scout Jamboree Gearing Up for Significant Amateur Radio         
   Presence                                                              
                                                                         
   Amateur Radio will be a part of this summer's 24th World Scout        
   Jamboree in West Virginia, the first World Jamboree held in North     
   America since 1983. The Jamboree has chosen the theme "Unlock a New   
   World." Thousands of Scouts and Scout leaders from some 200 countries 
   are expected to attend. The Jamboree's Amateur Radio Exhibit will use 
   the call sign NA1WJ -- North America's 1st World Jamboree. It will be 
   on the air during the event, July 22 until August 2, at the Summit    
   Bechtel Reserve, hosted by Canada, Mexico, and the US. Amateur Radio  
   testing is expected to begin as early as July 14. Operating           
   frequencies will be posted in real time via Facebook and Twitter or   
   via an NA1WJ email group.                                             
                                                                         
   "The goals of the Amateur Radio station at the World Scout Jamboree   
   are to introduce Amateur Radio to Scouts and Scout leaders through    
   hands-on participation in two-way communication with other stations   
   across the globe. This activity will also serve as the Amateur Radio  
   voice of the Jamboree," the World Scout Jamboree Amateur Radio        
   Exhibit Operational Vision document states. Other facets of Amateur   
   Radio at the Jamboree will include Amateur Radio direction finding    
   (ARDF), Amateur Radio satellite contacts, and a scheduled Amateur     
   Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) contact with an ISS  
   crew member.                                                          
                                                                         
   "We also expect to launch one or two balloons with Amateur Radio      
   payloads and track them as they cross the Atlantic," the vision       
   document continues.                                                   
                                                                         
   Organizers are encouraging radio amateurs around the globe to get on  
   the air during the World Jamboree to help NA1WJ demonstrate Amateur   
   Radio for Jamboree visitors.                                          
                                                                         
   The 2019 World Scout Jamboree operation at the Summit Bechtel Scout   
   Reserve will take advantage of lessons learned by the K2BSA Amateur   
   Radio operation during the 2013 and 2017 USA National Jamborees. It   
   will also take advantage of the existing infrastructure, which        
   includes three VHF/UHF repeaters installed by Icom America, as well   
   as the utility poles for installing antennas. K2BSA ham gear stored   
   in West Virginia includes antennas, rotators, and cables.             
                                                                         
   Evening operation from NA1WJ will involve at least two operators      
   using the buddy system. VHF/UHF repeaters will offer full coverage of 
   the Jamboree area via handheld transceivers, facilitating networking  
   as well as emergency communication. The exhibit will include an       
   Amateur Radio station with the special event call sign W8J.           
                                                                         
   The demonstration station will include multiple operating positions   
   offering a variety of modes. These include six stations with 100 W HF 
   transceivers, computer logging software, and large screen computer    
   displays; two VHF/UHF stations for demonstrations and repeater        
   monitoring, and two satellite communication systems. The antenna farm 
   will include two HF directional antennas, three HF dipoles, three HF  
   vertical antennas, VHF/UHF verticals and satellite antennas with      
   azimuth and elevation control, a trailer-based crank-up tower, a      
   five-band Yagi, a 40-meter rotatable dipole, and a 6-meter Yagi.      
                                                                         
   Each station will be able to accommodate four participants at a time, 
   plus one control operator. The goal is to give each participant up to 
   about 10 minutes of operating time.                                   
                                                                         
   The K2BSA Amateur Radio Association will host a "Radio Scouting"      
   booth at Dayton Hamvention^^A(R) (Booth 2205 in Building 2).          
                                                                       
   Science and Technology: An Ultra-Small Transmitter for VLF?           
                                                                         
   A study, "A high Q piezoelectric resonator as a portable VLF          
   transmitter," by Stanford University SLAC National Accelerator        
   Laboratory researcher Mark A. Kemp et al., in the April 12, 2019,     
   edition of Nature Communications describes using a small rod of       
   lithium niobate and taking advantage of the material's piezoelectric  
   properties to convert an imposed voltage to a mechanical effect,      
   which in turn radiates an electromagnetic current.                    
                                                                         
   The National Accelerator Lab describes the research in an article,    
   "SLAC develops novel compact antenna for communicating where radios   
   fail," which said a new type of pocket-sized devices "could be used   
   in portable transmitters for rescue missions and other challenging    
   applications demanding high mobility" where conventional radios don't 
   work, such as under water, through the ground, and over very long     
   distances through air. "The device emits VLF radiation with           
   wavelengths of tens to hundreds of miles. These waves travel long     
   distances beyond the horizon and can penetrate environments that      
   would block radio waves with shorter wavelengths."                    
                                                                         
   "Our device is also hundreds of times more efficient and can transmit 
   data faster than previous devices of comparable size," Kemp, the      
   project's principal investigator. "Its performance pushes the limits  
   of what's technologically possible and puts portable VLF              
   applications, like sending short text messages in challenging         
   situations, within reach."                                            
                                                                         
                                    A new compact VLF transmitter,       
                                    developed and tested at SLAC,        
                                    consists of a 4-inch-long            
                                    piezoelectric crystal (clear rod at  
                                    center) that generates VLF           
                                    radiation. [Photo courtesy of Dawn   
                                    Harmer/SLAC National Accelerator     
                                    Laboratory]                          
                                                                         
   The paper by Kemp et al. points to the fact that large size and high  
   loss render conventional transmitter techniques inadequate. "We show  
   that a strain-based, piezoelectric transmitter can overcome many of   
   the fundamental limitations of conventional electrically small        
   antennas (ESA)," the paper's abstract reads. "These transmitters can  
   resonate in a very small footprint while exhibiting low losses."      
                                                                         
   Taking a deeper dive: "Traditionally, a disadvantage of passive       
   high-Q antennas was low bandwidth. Utilizing piezoelectricity as the  
   radiating element allows us to dynamically shift the transmitter      
   resonant frequency. Therefore, high total Q (low loss) no longer      
   constrains the system bandwidth. These are our fundamental            
   advancements: Achieving an exceptionally high system Q with no        
   external impedance matching network and an effective fractional       
   bandwidth beyond the passive Bode-Fano limit. Although demonstrated   
   at VLF, this concept straightforwardly scales to other frequency      
   bands."                                                               
                                                                         
     -----------------------------------------------------------------   
                                                                         
   So Now What? Podcast                                                  
                                                                         
   "Finding the Right Club for You" is the focus of the new (May 2)      
   episode of the So Now What? podcast for Amateur Radio newcomers. If   
   you're a newly licensed Amateur Radio operator, chances are you have  
   lots of questions. This biweekly podcast has answers! So Now What?    
   offers insights from those who've been just where you are now. New    
   episodes will be posted every other Thursday, alternating new-episode 
   weeks with the ARRL The Doctor is In podcast.                         
                                                                         
   So Now What? is sponsored by LDG Electronics, a family owned and      
   operated business with laboratories in southern Maryland that offers  
   a wide array of antenna tuners and other Amateur Radio products.      
                                                                         
   ARRL Communications Content Producer Michelle Patnode, W3MVP, and     
   ARRL Station Manager Joe Carcia, NJ1Q, co-host the podcast. Presented 
   as a lively conversation, with Patnode representing newer hams and    
   Carcia the veteran operators, the podcast will explore questions that 
   newer hams may have and the issues that keep participants from        
   staying active in the hobby. Some episodes will feature guests to     
   answer questions on specific topic areas.                             
                                                                         
   Listeners can find So Now What? on Apple iTunes, Blubrry, Stitcher    
   (free registration required, or browse the site as a guest) and       
   through the free Stitcher app for iOS, Kindle, or Android devices.    
   Episodes will be archived on the ARRL website.                        
                                                                       
   ARRL's Free Exam Review for Ham Radio Updated                         
                                                                         
   ARRL Exam Review for Ham Radio^ƒ*› has been updated in advance of the 
   release of the ninth edition of The ARRL General Class License Manual 
   for Ham Radio. ARRL Exam Review is a free online resource for use     
   with current editions of ARRL License Manuals. The service can be     
   accessed via a web browser, and uses the official examination         
   question pools to construct chapter-by-chapter reviews. Upon          
   completing study, Exam Review helps the license candidate take        
   practice exams with the same number and variety of questions that he  
   or she will encounter on exam day. Practice tests can be taken over   
   and over, scored in complete privacy, or even printed with an answer  
   key. Exam Review includes quick feedback about the questions missed.  
                                                                         
   The update to Exam Review and the new edition General Class License   
   Manual coincides with a new General Class question pool released      
   earlier this year by the National Conference of Volunteer Examiner    
   Coordinators (NCVEC). The new 2019 - 2023 General Class question pool 
   becomes effective on July 1, 2019 for examinations in the Amateur     
   Radio Service. The 2015 - 2019 General Class pool remains in effect   
   for exams given until June 30, 2019. ARRL Exam Review provides access 
   to both the current and new General Class questions. (Read more.)     
   The K7RA Solar Update                                                 
                                                                         
   Tad Cook, K7RA, Seattle, reports: No sunspots were visible over the   
   April 25 - May 1 reporting week, and so the average daily sunspot     
   number dropped to zero after sitting at 8.1 during the previous 7     
   days. Average daily solar flux declined from 70.6 to 67.5.            
   Geomagnetic indicators were quiet, with average planetary A index at  
   5.9, up from 4.7 in the previous week.                                
                                                                         
   Predicted solar flux is 68 and 70 on May 2 - 3; 72 on May 4 - 5; 74   
   on May 6 - 9; 78 on May 10 - 16; 76, 72, and 70 on May 17 - 19; 69 on 
   May 20 - 21; 68 on May 22; 67 on May 23 - June 2; 70 and 75 on June 3 
   - 4; 78 on June 5 - 12; 76, 72, and 70 on June 13 - 15.               
                                                                         
   Predicted planetary A index is 15 and 10 on May 2 - 3; 5 on May 4 -   
   9; 8 on May 10; 5 on May 11 - 19; 8 on May 20; 5 on May 21 - 26; 10,  
   14, 12, 8, and 5 on May 27 - 31; 10, 12, and 14 on June 1 - 3; 8 on   
   June 4 - 6, and 5 on June 7 - 15.                                     
                                                                         
   The New Yorker recently ran an article about aurora borealis tourism. 
                                                                         
   Sunspot numbers for April 25 - May 1, 2019 were 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, and 
   0, with a mean of 0. The 10.7-centimeter flux was 67.5, 67.2, 66.9,   
   67.9, 66.9, 68.5, and 67.6, with a mean of 67.5. Estimated planetary  
   A indices were 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, and 11, with a mean of 5.9. Middle   
   latitude A index was 4, 2, 5, 4, 6, 4, and 8, with a mean of 4.7.     
                                                                         
   A comprehensive K7RA Solar Update is posted Fridays on the ARRL       
   website. For more information concerning radio propagation, visit the 
   ARRL Technical Information Service, read "What the Numbers Mean...,"  
   and check out K9LA's Propagation Page.                                
                                                                         
   A propagation bulletin archive is available. Monthly charts offer     
   propagation projections between the US and a dozen DX locations.      
                                                                         
   Share your reports and observations.                                  
                                                                         
     -----------------------------------------------------------------   
                                                                         
                                                                       
   Just Ahead in Radiosport                                              
     * May 3 - 4 -- MIE 33 Contest (CW, phone)                           
     * May 4 -- FISTS Spring Slow Speed Sprint (CW)                      
     * May 4 - 5 -- New England QSO Party (CW, phone, digital)           
     * May 4 - 5 -- 7th Call Area QSO Party (CW, phone, digital)         
     * May 4 - 5 -- Indiana QSO Party (CW, phone)                        
     * May 4 -5 -- Delaware QSO Party (CW, phone)                        
     * May 4 - 5 -- 10-10 International Spring Contest, CW               
     * May 4 - 5 -- SBMS 2.3 GHz and Up Contest (CW, phone)              
     * May 4 -- Microwave Spring Sprint (CW, phone)                      
     * May 4 - 5 -- ARI International DX Contest (CW, phone)             
     * May 4 - 5 -- Araucaria World Wide VHF Contest (CW, phone)         
     * May 7 -- ARS Spartan Sprint (CW)                                  
                                                                         
   See the ARRL Contest Calendar for more information. For in-depth      
   reporting on Amateur Radio contesting, subscribe to The ARRL Contest  
   Update via your ARRL member profile email preferences.                
   HamSCI, Ham Radio 2.0 to Combine Efforts at Dayton Hamvention 2019    
                                                                         
   Thanks to support from the Yasme Foundation, the citizen science      
   organization HamSCI and Ham Radio 2.0 will share space and combine    
   efforts at Dayton Hamvention^A(R) 2019, which is also the 2019 ARRL   
   National Convention. Their displays will be in Building 4 (Volta),    
   which is between the food trucks and the flea market.                 
                                                                         
   The Ham Radio 2.0 area will serve to host a series of "booth talks"   
   both by HamSCI presenters and presenters with a "2-point-0"           
   perspective on operating and technology that looks to the future of   
   ham radio. Presentations begin at 10 AM on Friday and continue        
   through 3 PM on Saturday.                                             
                                                                         
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ 
   |Friday, 10 AM |HR 2.0|Moonbounce Via the MIT   |Marty Sullaway,    | 
   |              |      |Remote Linked EME Station|NN1C               | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Friday, 11 AM |HamSCI|New Directions in        |Bill Engelke,      | 
   |              |      |Sporadic-E Research      |AB4EJ, University  | 
   |              |      |                         |of Alabama         | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Friday, Noon  |HR 2.0|Contesting with FT4:     |John Pescatore,    | 
   |              |      |Issues and Opportunities |K3TN               | 
   |              |      |Going Forward            |                   | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Friday, 1 PM  |HamSCI|The Third Source of F2   |Carl Luetzelschwab,| 
   |              |      |Region Variability       |K9LA               | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Friday, 2 PM  |HR 2.0|How Real-Time Scoreboards|Victor Androsov,   | 
   |              |      |Change Contesting        |VA2WA              | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Friday, 3 PM  |HamSCI|RBN & WSPRNet Response to|Nathaniel Frissell,| 
   |              |      |September 2017 Solar     |W2NAF, NJ Institute| 
   |              |      |Flares and Storms        |of Technology      | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Saturday, 10  |HR 2.0|Balloon Pico Races       |Bill Brown, WB8ELK | 
   |AM            |      |                         |                   | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Saturday, 11  |HamSCI|To Be Announced          |                   | 
   |AM            |      |                         |                   | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Saturday, Noon|HR 2.0|Youth Contesting Program |Jocelyn Brault,    | 
   |              |      |in North America         |KD8VRX, and Bryant | 
   |              |      |                         |Rascoll, KG5HVO    | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Saturday, 1 PM|HamSCI|Propagation on 630 and   |Carl Luetzelschwab,| 
   |              |      |2200 Meters              |K9LA               | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Saturday, 2 PM|HR 2.0|SOTA and New Methods of  |Paula Uscian, K9IR | 
   |              |      |Portable Operating       |                   | 
   |--------------+------+-------------------------+-------------------| 
   |Saturday, 3 PM|HamSCI|HF Satellite Observations|Gareth Perry, NJ   | 
   |              |      |of Field Day             |Institute of       | 
   |              |      |                         |Technology         | 
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ 
                                                                         
   In addition to the presentations, the Ham Radio 2.0 area will be home 
   to a mini-booth staffed by members of the Young Amateurs Radio Club   
   (YARC) and the Young Contesters Program (YCP) that is associated with 
   the European Youngsters On The Air (YOTA) program. It's an            
   opportunity to get acquainted with radio amateurs doing interesting   
   things in interesting places.                                         
                                                                         
   HamSCI also will offer the HamSCI Forum Saturday, 9:15 - 10:30 AM     
   (Forum Room 4).                                                       
                                                                         
   Full details are on the HamSCI website.                               
                                                                       
   Annual Armed Forces Day Crossband Test Set for May 11                 
                                                                         
   The Army Military Auxiliary Radio System (MARS) will host the         
   traditional military/Amateur Radio communication tests to mark the    
   68th annual Armed Forces Day (AFD) on Saturday, May 11. The event is  
   open to all radio amateurs. Armed Forces Day is May 18, but the AFD   
   Crossband Military-Amateur Radio event traditionally takes place 1    
   week earlier in order to avoid conflicting with Dayton                
   Hamvention^A(R). Complete information, including military stations,   
   modes, and frequencies, is available on the US Army MARS website.     
                                                                         
   "For more than 50 years, military and amateur stations have taken     
   part in this event, which is only an exercise scenario, designed to   
   include hobbyist and government radio operators alike," the event     
   announcement said. "The AFD Crossband Test is a unique opportunity to 
   test two-way communications between military communicators and radio  
   stations in the Amateur Radio Service, as authorized in 47 CFR        
   97.111. These tests provide opportunities and challenges for radio    
   operators to demonstrate individual technical skills in a             
   tightly-controlled exercise scenario that does not impact any public  
   or private communications."                                           
                                                                         
   During the event, military stations in various locations will         
   transmit on selected military frequencies and announce the specific   
   ham frequencies they are monitoring.                                  
                                                                         
   Military stations expected to be on the air for the event include     
   those in Arizona, Japan, Hawaii, Okinawa, Washington, DC (and         
   elsewhere in the contiguous states), the USS Midway, the USS          
   Yorktown, the USS Iowa, LST-325, the US Naval Academy in Annapolis,   
   and the Newport Naval Radio Station Museum in Rhode Island. The       
   MARSCOMM and MARSRADIO nationwide networks will have multiple         
   stations on the air across the continental US.                        
                                                                         
   An AFD message will be transmitted utilizing the Military Standard    
   (MIL-STD) serial PSK waveform (M110) followed by MIL-STD Wide Shift   
   FSK (850 Hz RTTY), as described in MIL-STD 188-110A/B. Technical      
   information is available. The AFD message will also be sent in CW and 
   RTTY, as indicated on the full schedule. Anyone wanting a QSL should  
   complete the request form on the MARS website.                        
   In Brief...                                                           
                                                                         
   School Club Roundup (SCR) certificates are now available for the      
   February 2019 event as well as for any future SCRs. Download these    
   via the Certificate menu item on the ARRL Contests Portal. Top        
   US/Canada performers included the Russell Elementary Amateur Radio    
   Club (KM4RE) in the Elementary/Primary category; Schofield Middle     
   School Ham Radio Club (N4SMS) in Middle/Intermediate/Junior High      
   category; LASA High School Amateur Radio Club (K5LBJ) in the Senior   
   High category, and Purdue University (W9YB) in the College/University 
   category. Complete results are on the School Club Roundup Results     
   page.                                                                 
                                                                         
   +++                                                                   
                                                                         
   Some 50 students in Gujarat, India, on April 12 were introduced to    
   Amateur Radio, satellites, and Amateur Radio on the International     
   Space Station (ARISS). Rajesh Vagadia, VU2EXP, gave a brief talk on   
   Amateur Radio, the ISS, ham satellites, astronauts, and the April     
   ARISS SSTV event. During a visible pass of the ISS, Vagadia, using a  
   three-element Yagi, handheld transceiver, and a recording device, was 
   able to record two SSTV images. "It was an exciting experience for    
   all, sighting the ISS, and at the same time getting signals from it," 
   Vagadia commented afterward. "[It] felt like having a handshake with  
   the ISS crew!" Decoded images were shared with all students as        
   souvenirs.                                                            
                                                                         
   +++                                                                   
                                                                         
   AMSAT Academy will take place on Thursday, May 16, the day before     
   Dayton Hamvention^A(R). AMSAT says this is a unique opportunity for   
   both beginners and advanced satellite operators to learn about        
   Amateur Radio in space and working the FM, linear transponder, and    
   digital satellites now in orbit. AMSAT Academy will take place on     
   Thursday, May 16, 9 AM until 5 PM, at the Dayton Amateur Radio        
   Association (DARA) clubhouse, 6619 Bellefontaine Road, in Dayton,     
   Ohio. The $85 registration fee includes a full day of instruction     
   taught by some of the most-accomplished AMSAT operators; a digital    
   copy of Getting Started with Amateur Satellites (2019 ed.); 1 year of 
   AMSAT Basic membership; pizza buffet lunch, and an invitation to the  
   Thursday night AMSAT get together at Ticket Pub & Eatery in Fairborn. 
   Registration closes on May 10 and will not be available at the door.  
   No refunds or cancellations. Register at the AMSAT Store.             
                                                                         
     -----------------------------------------------------------------   
                                                                         
   Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions                
     * May 5 -- Eastern Pennsylvania Section Convention, Bristol,        
       Pennsylvania                                                      
     * May 17 - 19 -- Dayton Hamvention -- ARRL National Convention,     
       Xenia, Ohio                                                       
     * May 31 - June 1 -- Arizona State Convention, Prescott, Arizona    
     * May 31 - June 2 -- Northwestern Division Convention, Seaside,     
       Oregon                                                            
     * June 1 -- Georgia Section Convention, Marietta, Georgia           
     * June 1 - 2 -- Western Pennsylvania Section Convention, Prospect,  
       Pennsylvania                                                      
     * June 7 - 8 -- West Gulf Division Convention (Ham-Com), Plano,     
       Texas                                                             
     * June 15 -- W8DXCC DX Convention, Owensville, Ohio                 
     * July 19 - 21 -- Nevada State Convention, Reno, Nevada             
     * July 25 - 27 -- Central States VHF Conference, Lincoln, Nebraska  
     * July 26 - 27 -- Ham Holiday, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma              
                                                                         
   Find conventions and hamfests in your area.                           
                                                                         
   --------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                         
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