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Text 15623, 507 rader
Skriven 2020-04-10 09:05:18 av Sean Dennis (1:18/200.0)
Ärende: The Weekly ARRL Letter
==============================
   The ARRL Letter                                                         
   April 9, 2020                                                           
                                                                           
     * World Amateur Radio Day on April 18 Celebrates 95th Anniversary of   
       the IARU                                                             
     * COVID-19 Guidelines Could Affect Some IARU HF World Championship     
       Participation                                                        
     * Hamvention QSO Party Set for Saturday, May 16                        
     * ARRL Podcasts Schedule                                              
     * New TQSL Version 2.5.2 Provides Better LoTW Rover Support, Other    
       Improvements                                                        
     * Circuit Board for Bare-Bones Ventilator Moves Toward Production     
       with Radio Amateurs' Help                                           
     * The K7RA Solar Update                                               
     * Just Ahead in Radiosport                                            
     * Several Countries Authorize COVID-19 visory Suffixes              
     * In Brief...                                                         
     * Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions              
   World Amateur Radio Day on April 18 Celebrates 95th Anniversary of the  
   IARU                                                                    
                                                                           
   Saturday, April 18, is World Amateur Radio Day (WARD), this year        
   marking the 95th anniversary of the International Amateur Radio Union   
   (IARU). Around the world, amateur radio special event stations -- most  
   sponsored by IARU member-societies -- will mark the event on the air,   
   starting on April 18 at 0000 UTC and continuing until April 19 at 0000, 
   honing skills and capabilities while enjoying global friendship with    
   other amateurs worldwide. The theme for WARD is "Celebrating Amateur    
   Radio's Contribution to Society." IARU President Tim Ellam,             
   VE6SH/G4HUA, notes that the COVID-19 pandemic casts the event in a      
   different light than in years past.                                     
                                                                           
   "A few short weeks ago, many of us could not imagine the levels of      
   isolation that we are now dealing with and the sacrifices of many on    
   the front lines of the pandemic," Ellam said. "As we have done in past  
   challenges to our society, amateur radio will play a key part in        
   keeping people connected and assisting those who need support."         
                                                                           
   Ellam said he's coming off his own 14-day isolation after returning     
   from overseas. "I am touched by the kindness of strangers who assisted  
   me when I was unable to leave my house," he said. "It strikes me        
   amateur radio operators, who give so much during these times of crisis  
   are not limited to assisting over the air. Amateurs are true            
   volunteers, and I would encourage everyone to assist in the community   
   as they are able to."                                                   
                                                                           
   On April 18, 1925, the IARU was formed in Paris, with ARRL cofounder    
   Hiram Percy Maxim, 1AW, in attendance. Radio amateurs were the first to 
   discover that shortwave spectrum could support worldwide propagation,   
   and in the rush to use these shorter wavelengths, amateur radio found   
   itself "in grave danger of being pushed aside," as IARU history puts    
   it. Two years later, at the International Radiotelegraph Conference,    
   amateur radio gained allocations still recognized todayƒ**--ƒ**160, 80, 
   40, 20, and 10 meters. From an initial 25 countries, the IARU has grown 
   to include 160 member-societies in three regions.                       
                                                                           
   How to Participate                                                      
     * Get on the air! WARD events are listed on the WARD web page. To     
       list a World Amateur Radio Day event, contact IARU Secretary David  
       Sumner, K1ZZ.                                                       
     * Promote your personal World Amateur Radio Day activity on social    
       media by using the hashtag #WorldAmateurRadioDay on Twitter and     
       Facebook.                                                           
     * Create and hold a special net on World Amateur Radio Day to draw    
       attention to the event and allow hams to start talking about our    
       hobby.                                                              
     * Spread the word. If you're responsible for club publicity, send a   
       press release and do public relations outreach to highlight the     
       event. Use the poster and flyer that IARU provides in publicizing   
       the event, amateur radio, and your group or club.                   
                                                                           
   World Amateur Radio Day is not a contest but an opportunity to talk     
   about the value of amateur radio to the public and our fellow amateurs. 
   It is also a great opportunity to talk about your club and amateur      
   radio in local media.                                                   
                                                                           
   In this time of social isolation, amateur radio continues to remain     
   relevant in bringing people together through radio while providing      
   essential communication in the service of communities.                  
                                                                           
   "My wish for this World Amateur Radio Day is for everyone to stay safe, 
   follow the advice of medical professionals, and use amateur radio and   
   your skills to help us through this crisis," Ellam said.                
   COVID-19 Guidelines Could Affect Some IARU HF World Championship        
   Participation                                                           
                                                                           
   The IARU HF World Championship is just over 2 months away -- July 11 -  
   12. The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) says that it's         
   essential to take the global COVID-19 pandemic into account when        
   planning participation, including by IARU member-society Headquarters   
   (HQ) station teams. Multioperator and IARU member-society HQ station    
   operations must adhere strictly to the regulations and                  
   physical-distancing guidelines issued by the responsible health         
   authorities and the World Health Organization in effect at the time of  
   the event -- even if observing those guidelines is not legally required 
   at their locations. This requirement also applies to single-operator    
   stations, and especially to those hosting guest operators.              
                                                                           
   "This may reduce participation, but it is vital that the IARU, its      
   member-societies, and individual radio amateurs behave as responsible   
   members of the global community," the IARU said. "Radio amateurs should 
   always look for opportunities to address communications challenges      
   through the application of technology."                                 
                                                                           
   The IARU points out that a growing number of stations, including        
   multioperator stations, can be operated remotely, and it encourages     
   their participation in the HF World Championship wherever national      
   regulations permit.                                                     
                                                                           
   The objective of the IARU HF World Championship is "to support amateur  
   self-training in radiocommunications including improving amateur        
   operating skills, conducting technical investigations, and              
   intercommunicating with other amateurs around the world, especially     
   IARU member-society headquarters stations." The event takes place on    
   160, 80, 40, 20, 15, and 10 meters.                                     
                                                                           
   The special rules governing IARU member-society HQ stations allow       
   multiple sites to be used, again subject to national regulations. HQ    
   stations will still be able to participate, but possibly not at their   
   usual level.                                                            
                                                                           
   Plans are being developed for IARU Headquarters station NU1AW to be     
   operated entirely remotely. W1AW will also be on the air as an HQ       
   station, although arrangements are still being finalized.               
                                                                         
   Hamvention QSO Party Set for Saturday, May 16                           
                                                                           
   The Hamvention QSO Party, a sort of virtual Dayton Hamvention^A(R),     
   will take place on the HF bands on May 16, which would be the Saturday  
   of the now-canceled event.                                              
                                                                           
   "Let's celebrate the many years we have all had at the Great Gathering  
   we call Hamvention," said an announcement over the signatures of Tim    
   Duffy, K3LR, and Michael Kalter, W8CI. "We also want to remember Ron    
   Moorefield, W8ILC, who never missed a Hamvention and contributed to our 
   club until his recent death. Let's light up the airwaves with our       
   remembrances of Hamventions of the past! See you on the air!"           
                                                                           
   The Hamvention QSO Party will be a 12-hour event, from 1200 UTC until   
   2400 UTC on May 16. Operate CW or SSB on 160, 80, 40, 20, 15, and 10    
   meters, exchanging signal reports and the first year you attended       
   Hamvention. If you have never attended Hamvention, send "2020."         
                                                                           
   Designated members of Hamvention's host, the Dayton Amateur Radio       
   Association (DARA), will activate DARA's W8BI. Participants can add 10  
   points for each band/mode contact with W8BI (12 available).             
                                                                           
   Post scores (number of contacts) to 3830scores.com within 5 days of the 
   event. An online certificate will be available to print. No logs will   
   be collected.                                                           
                                                                           
   N1MM Logger+ has provided a user-defined contest module for the event.  
   More information is on the N1MM Logger+ website.                        
   ARRL Podcasts Schedule                                                  
                                                                           
   The latest episode of the On the Air podcast (Episode 4) focuses how to 
   create a family emergency communications plan and includes an interview 
   with Dino Papas, KL0S, about attaching coaxial connectors with crimping 
   tools.                                                                  
                                                                           
   The latest episode of the Eclectic Tech podcast (Episode 5) includes an 
   interview with ARRL Laboratory Manager Ed Hare, W1RFI, about wireless   
   power transfer technology, as well as a discussion of digital meteor    
   scatter and an interview with Michael Lavelle, K6ML, about the new      
   distance record at 122 GHz.                                             
                                                                           
   The On the Air and Eclectic Tech podcasts are sponsored by Icom.        
                                                                           
   Both podcasts are available on iTunes (iOS) and Stitcher (Android) as   
   well as on Blubrry -- On the Air | Eclectic Tech.                       
                                                                         
   New TQSL Version 2.5.2 Provides Better LoTW Rover Support, Other        
   Improvements                                                            
                                                                           
   The latest version of TrustedQSL (TQSL), version 2.5.2, offers improved 
   Logbook of The World (LoTW) support for operations from several         
   locations, as well as the ability to detect uploads that contain        
   incorrect location data. The primary new feature in TQSL 2.5.2 allows   
   logging programs, in conjunction with TQSL, to avoid incorrect contact  
   uploads, while adding mechanisms to allow easy uploading of logs for    
   roving stations. LoTW had required rovers to identify each location     
   used as a separate location in TQSL. The new version of TQSL allows     
   these operations to be handled much more smoothly by using information  
   from the station's logging program.                                     
                                                                           
   When a log is signed by TQSL, the station details -- call sign, DXCC    
   entity, grid square, and other location details provided by the         
   selected station location (and call sign certificate) -- are compared   
   with the details in the log. If the US state and station location in a  
   log do not agree, TQSL 2.5.2 will reject the contact, detecting errors  
   in instances when an incorrect station location has been chosen. This   
   feature will necessitate changes in many logging programs, because it   
   requires that the log provide station details previously not used by    
   TQSL. Once a logging program supplies these (MY_STATE, MY_DXCC,         
   MY_CQ_ZONE, etc.), then TQSL will validate them against the log.        
   Currently, Cabrillo logs use the CALLSIGN field to verify that the      
   contacts are for the correct call sign.                                 
                                                                           
   Optionally, a station performing roaming operations (e.g., from         
   multiple grid squares) can choose to have TQSL assume that the log is   
   correct. When call sign or home station are provided with the log, TQSL 
   will automatically update the details on the upload. Select "Override   
   Station Location with QTH Details from your Log" on the "Log Handling"  
   preference page to enable this feature.                                 
                                                                           
   This release also includes an update to the most recent TQSL            
   configuration file. -- Thanks to Rick Murphy, K1MU                      
   Circuit Board for Bare-Bones Ventilator Moves Toward Production with    
   Radio Amateurs' Help                                                    
                                                                           
   Radio amateurs continue to play key roles in developing the electronic  
   control system for an open-source/architecture, modular, low-cost human 
   patient ventilator. The device itself was designed by researcher Sem    
   Lampotang and his team at University of Florida Health -- the school's  
   academic health center -- using such commonly available components as   
   PVC pipe and lawn-sprinkler valves. The idea is to create a bare-bones  
   ventilator that could serve in the event of a ventilator shortage.      
                                                                           
   "The way I looked at it is, if you're going to run out of ventilators,  
   then we're not even trying to reproduce the sophisticated ventilators   
   out there," Lampotang said. "If we run out, you have to decide who gets 
   one and who doesn't. How do you decide that? The power of our approach  
   is that every well-intentioned volunteer who has access to Home Depot,  
   Ace, Lowe's, or their equivalent worldwide can build one."              
                                                                           
   His team is working on adding safety features to meet regulatory        
   guidelines, then they will run engineering tests to determine safety,   
   accuracy, and endurance of the machine, which can be built for as       
   little as $125 to $250.                                                 
                                                                           
   Dr. Gordon Gibby, KX4Z -- a retired associate professor of              
   anesthesiology at the University of Florida and an electrical engineer  
   -- is among those involved in the project, developing control-system    
   prototypes. He reports that a trial printed circuit board is being      
   created, populated, and tested prior to large-scale fabrication. "This  
   should lead to a documented open-source design that can be replicated   
   or                                                                      
                                                                           
                                                  Dr. Gordon Gibby, KX4Z.  
                                                  [University of Florida   
                                                  photo]                   
                                                                           
   improved upon by any interested manufacturer," Gibby said, noting that  
   the board could be built anywhere in the world, based on the Arduino    
   Nano microcontroller.                                                   
                                                                           
   "A huge amount of work has gone on in the design of the circuit         
   boards," Gibby told ARRL. "We have at least two, maybe three designs,   
   ready for fabrication." Current design specifications and a video of    
   prototypes have been posted online. The Arduino-based control software  
   will set the respiratory rate and other key parameters in treating      
   critically ill coronavirus victims. Other radio amateurs involved in    
   the control system aspect of the project include Jack Purdum, W8TEE,    
   and uBITX transceiver maker Ashhar Farhan, VU2ESE.                      
                                                                           
   Using a Groups.io forum, up to 140 volunteers have been studying or     
   working to push the project to completion. Software is being created by 
   multiple volunteers, with amateur radio operators involved in that      
   phase as well.                                                          
                                                                           
   The ventilator's valves will precisely time the flow of compressed      
   oxygen into a patient with lungs weakened by viral pneumonia in order   
   to extend life and allow time for the body to clear the infection. Read 
   more.                                                                   
                                                                         
   The K7RA Solar Update                                                   
                                                                           
   Tad Cook, K7RA, Seattle, reports: After 5 days of new Solar Cycle 25    
   sunspot activity, sunspots vanished. The average daily sunspot number   
   rose from 3.6 last week to 5.1 this time. The average daily sunspot     
   number over the days sunspots were visible -- March 31 - April 4 -- was 
   12.2, but these observations straddle two reporting weeks.              
                                                                           
   Average daily solar flux rose from 69.4 to 70.2. Geomagnetic indicators 
   remain quiet, with the average planetary A index declining from 7.7 to  
   6.6, and the average mid-latitude A index slipping from 5.9 to 5.3.     
                                                                           
   Predicted solar flux for the next 45 days is 70 on April 9 - 13; 68 on  
   April 14 - 23; 70 on April 24 - May 7; 68 on May 8 - 20, and 70 on May  
   21 - 23.                                                                
                                                                           
   Predicted planetary A index is 5, 8, and 8 on April 9 - 11; 5 on April  
   12 - 14; 10 on April 15; 8 on April 16 - 19; 5 on April 20 - 25; 10 on  
   April 26 - 27; 5 on April 28 - May 6; 8 on May 7-8; 5 on May 9 - 11; 10 
   on May 12; 8 on May 13 - 16; 5 on May 17 - 22, and 10 on May 23.        
                                                                           
   Sunspot numbers for April 2 - 8 were 12, 13, 11, 0, 0, 0, and 0, with a 
   mean of 5.1. The 10.7-centimeter flux was 69.8, 69.9, 70.1, 71.2, 69.9, 
   69.9, and 70.4, with a mean of 70.2. Estimated planetary A indices were 
   7, 9, 5, 5, 3, 4, and 13, with a mean of 6.6. Middle latitude A index   
   was 7, 7, 4, 4, 2, 3, and 10, with a mean of 5.3.                       
                                                                           
   A comprehensive K7RA Solar Update is posted Fridays on the ARRL         
   website. For more information concerning radio propagation, visit the   
   ARRL Technical Information Service, read "What the Numbers Mean...,"    
   and check out K9LA's Propagation Page.                                  
                                                                           
   A propagation bulletin archive is available. Monthly charts offer       
   propagation projections between the US and a dozen DX locations.        
                                                                           
   Share your reports and observations.                                    
                                                                           
     -------------------------------------------------------------------   
                                                                           
   Just Ahead in Radiosport                                                
     * April 11 -- QRP ARCI Spring QSO Party (CW)                          
     * April 11 - 12 -- JIDX CW Contest                                    
     * April 11 - 12 -- OK/OM DX Contest, SSB                              
     * April 11 - 12 -- F9AA Cup, PSK                                      
     * April 11 - 12 -- FTn DX Contest (Digital)                           
     * April 11 - 12 -- SKCC Weekend Sprintathon (CW)                      
     * April 11 - 12 -- New Mexico QSO Party (CW, phone, digital)          
     * April 11 - 12 -- North Dakota QSO Party (CW, phone)                 
     * April 11 - 12 -- Georgia QSO Party (CW, phone)                      
     * April 11 - 12 -- Yuri Gagarin International DX Contest (CW)         
     * April 12 -- WAB 3.5/7/14 MHz Data Modes                             
     * April 12 -- International Vintage Contest HF (CW)                   
     * April 12 -- Hungarian Straight Key Contest (CW)                     
     * April 13 -- 4 States QRP Group Second Sunday Sprint (CW, phone)     
     * April 14 -- 222 MHz Spring Sprint (CW, phone)                       
     * April 15 -- NAQCC CW Sprint                                         
     * April 15 -- RSGB 80-Meter Club Championship, SSB                    
                                                                           
   See the ARRL Contest Calendar for more information. For in-depth        
   reporting on amateur radio contesting, subscribe to The ARRL Contest    
   Update via your ARRL member profile email preferences.                  
                                                                         
   Several Countries Authorize COVID-19 visory Suffixes                  
                                                                           
   A growing number of countries have authorized selected radio amateurs   
   or organizations to identify with suffixes that propagate the advice to 
   stay at home during the COVID-19 pandemic. A60STAYHOME/# call signs are 
   on the air from the United Arab Emirates, while the Kuwait Amateur      
   Radio Society's 9K9STAYHOME; TC1STAYHOME, in Turkey, and the Saudi      
   Amateur Radio Society's HZ1STAYHOME are among these stations spreading  
   the word from that part of the world.                                   
                                                                           
   In Canada, Michael Shamash, VE2MXU, is using VC2STAYHOM "to raise       
   awareness for social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic." Canada   
   limits call sign suffixes to seven characters. On the air from          
   Indonesia is 8A1HOME; Indonesia limits suffixes to four characters.     
   Australia has permitted the Radio Amateur Society of Australia (RASA)   
   to use the special call sign VI2020STAYHOME, which, at 14 characters,   
   may set a record for world's longest call sign.                         
                                                                           
   SRAL, Finland's IARU member-society, is sponsoring the Global Amateur   
   Radio Network special event, with "messenger stations" on the air with  
   STAYHOME suffixes, such as OH5STAYHOME. The event runs through July 8.  
   The Global Messenger Award and the Stay Home Award are available, with  
   credit for working "STAY HOME" stations in other countries and at least 
   five of the Finnish stations.                                           
                                                                           
   Also in Finland, the Amateur Radio Club of Lahti, OH3AC, has been       
   authorized to use OH0PYSYKOTONA and nine others in that series with a   
   different number in the prefix. "Pysy kotona" is Finnish for "stay      
   home." Contacts will be confirmed via LoTW with paper cards via OH3AC.  
   An award is available for working all 10 in the series.                 
                                                                           
   CR2STAYHOME will be on the air from Sao Miguel, one of the nine islands 
   in the Azores, while operators in Bosnia and Herzegovina will transmit  
   the alert as E7STAYHOME (QSL via E77E and E73Y or LoTW). R3STAYHOME is  
   another special call sign (QSL via the bureau to R3KEE). Also, listen   
   for 5B4STAYHOME from Cyprus, operated by Norman Banks, 5B4AIE (no       
   QSLs).                                                                  
                                                                           
   Finland's SRAL has suggested the new Q signal QSH for "stay happy and   
   healthy," while N3ADF is encouraging the use of QWH for "wash hands."   
                                                                           
   FCC Part 97 Amateur Radio Service rules do not provide for amateur call 
   sign suffixes longer than three characters, but a potential workaround  
   exists. As AS:97.119(c) of the FCC's Amateur Radio Service rules        
   states: "One or more indicators may be included with the call sign.     
   Each indicator must be separated from the call sign by the slant mark   
   (/) or by any suitable word that denotes the slant mark. If an          
   indicator is self-assigned, it must be included before, after, or both  
   before and after, the call sign. No self-assigned indicator may         
   conflict with any other indicator specified by the FCC Rules or with    
   any prefix assigned to another country."                                
                                                                           
   While ARRL has no plans to sponsor or support a stay home related       
   event, US radio amateurs may do so as a one-off stay-at-home event.     
   In Brief...                                                             
                                                                           
   ARRL President Rick Roderick, K5UR, has appointed Edward J. "Ned"       
   Stearns, AA7A, of Scottsdale, Arizona, as ARRL Southwestern Division    
   Vice Director. He succeeds Mark Weiss, K6FG, who resigned. This will    
   mark the third time Stearns has held the post. He served as             
   Southwestern Division Vice Director for 2005 - 2006 and again for 2017  
   - 2019. A retired electrical engineer, Stearns has been licensed since  
   1963 and is active on all bands from 160 meters through 23 centimeters. 
   His principal interests are DXing, contesting, VHF, moonbounce, antenna 
   design, and homebrewing.                                                
                                                                           
   The annual Armed Forces Day Crossband Test has been postponed, due to   
   the ongoing COVID-19 response and mitigation actions. The 2020 Armed    
   Forces Day (AFD) Crossband Test was scheduled to be held on Saturday,   
   May 9. Because it's uncertain just when stay-at-home orders will be     
   lifted across the US, AFD planners chose to postpone this year's event, 
   because the government stations that typically support this event may   
   not be available. Armed Forces Day Crossband Test planners are          
   considering scheduling a November event in honor of Veteran's Day,      
   depending on COVID-19 mitigation actions. During the AFD Crossband      
   Test, military stations in various locations transmit on selected       
   military frequencies and announce the specific ham frequencies they are 
   monitoring to work radio amateurs. -- Thanks to US Army MARS Program    
   Chief Paul English, WD8DBY                                              
                                                                           
   Past ARRL Atlantic Division Director Bernard E. "Bernie" Fuller, N3EFN, 
   of Saegertown, Pennsylvania, died on April 2. He was 86. Fuller moved   
   into the Atlantic Division Director's position in 2000, after the ARRL  
   Board elected then-Atlantic Division Director Kay Craigie, WT3P (now    
   N3KN), as a Vice President. He served as an ARRL Director until 2006. A 
   US Army veteran, Fuller retired with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel     
   after 22 years. He was a veteran of the Korean and Vietnam wars.        
   Following his retirement, he taught languages at the former Alliance    
   College. Fuller was a member of the QRP Amateur Radio Club              
   International and the Eastern Pennsylvania QRP Club. He belonged to the 
   Military Officers Association and was a certified National Rifle        
   Association instructor. A member of the Pennsylvania Outdoor Writers    
   Association, Fuller authored e-books on RVing and hunting and was the   
   publisher of the Outdoors32News newsletter.                             
                                                                           
   Past ARRL Treasurer James E. "Jim" McCobb, Jr., K1LU (ex-K1LLU, W1LLU), 
   died on April 1. An ARRL Life Member, he was 77. McCobb, of West        
   Newbury, Massachusetts, served as ARRL Treasurer, a volunteer post, for 
   nearly 32 years, from 1980 until 2012, when he was succeeded by current 
   ARRL Treasurer Rick Niswander, K7GM. An active DXer and contester,      
   McCobb was active from Belize, where he held the call sign V31JR.       
   McCobb was a US Air Force veteran and spent most of his professional    
   career as a banker. First licensed at age 16, McCobb was very active on 
   HF -- especially on 40, 20, and 17 meters, primarily on SSB, although   
   he operated CW during contests. He also enjoyed listening to amateur    
   and shortwave bands, DXing, ragchewing, contesting, and "doing just     
   about any kind of antenna work," he said in his QRZ.com profile. His    
   other hobbies included Alpine skiing, listening to music, and           
   collecting stereo equipment from the mid-to-late 1970s.                 
                                                                           
   Japan is set to expand access to 160 meters. Yoshi Shoji, JG7AMD,       
   reports that Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications    
   that the expansion will permit SSB on that band. The current 160-meter  
   band in Japan consists of 1810 - 1825 kHz (CW) plus 1907.5 - 1912.5 for 
   CW and data. Japan will allocate 1800 - 1810 kHz and 1825 - 1875 kHz    
   for all amateur radio modes. An effective date has not yet been         
   announced.                                                              
                                                                           
     -------------------------------------------------------------------   
                                                                           
   Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions                  
                                                                           
   Note: Many conventions and hamfests have been canceled or postponed due 
   to the coronavirus pandemic. Check the calendar of canceled events on   
   the ARRL website.                                                       
     * May 9 - MicroHAMS Digital Conference 2020, Woodinville, Washington  
     * June 6 -- Georgia State Convention, Marietta, Georgia               
     * June 6 - 7 -- Western Pennsylvania Section Convention, Prospect,    
       Pennsylvania                                                        
     * June 12 - 13 -- Ham-Com, Plano, Texas                               
     * June 20 -- Tennessee State Convention, Knoxville, Tennessee         
                                                                           
   Find conventions and hamfests in your area.                             
                                                                           
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 * Origin: Outpost BBS * Limestone, TN, USA (1:18/200)