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Skriven 2020-07-10 09:05:18 av Sean Dennis (1:18/200.0)
Ärende: The Weekly ARRL Letter
==============================
   The ARRL Letter                                                         
   July 9, 2020                                                            
                                                                           
     * IARU HF World Championship is Major Mid-Year Event for Everyone      
     * Maritime Mobile Service Network Comes to the Aid of Vessel in        
       Distress                                                             
     * Newer Solar Cycle 25 Forecast Runs Counter to Consensus              
     * ARRL Podcasts Schedule                                               
     * The K7RA Solar Update                                               
     * Just Ahead in Radiosport                                            
     * QSO Today Virtual Ham Expo Announces Full Lineup of Speakers        
     * Announcements July 9                                                
     * ARRL Seeks Awards and Programs Assistant                            
     * Washington Club Conducts Outdoor Amateur Exam Session               
     * Annual KPH "Night of Nights" Canceled                               
     * In Brief...                                                         
     * Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions              
   IARU HF World Championship is Major Mid-Year Event for Everyone         
                                                                           
   The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) HF World Championship over 
   the July 11 - 12 weekend offers an opportunity for operators to put     
   their stations to the test ahead of the fall-winter contest season.     
   Casual contesters are welcome. This everybody-works-everybody event     
   kicks off at 1200 UTC on Saturday, July 11, on 160, 80, 40, 20, 15, and 
   10 meters and continues for the next 24 hours. Despite rather dismal HF 
   conditions recently, the competition is expected to keep the bands      
   hopping on both phone and CW; participants may operate either or both   
   modes. Highlighting the activity will be the IARU headquarters (HQ)     
   stations and officials on the air from around the world, although, as   
   the IARU notes, HQ stations may not be active at typical levels.        
                                                                           
                                      Carol Milazzo, KP4MD, competed with  
                                      her low-power portable setup in the  
                                      2019 IARU HF World Championship.     
                                                                           
   Participating stations send a signal report and ITU zone (or IARU       
   member-society abbreviation). The IARU HF Championship web page         
   includes ITU zone borders for the US and Canada.                        
                                                                           
   "It is essential that the global COVID-19 pandemic be taken into        
   account, including by IARU member-society HQ station teams," the IARU   
   said in announcing this year's event. The IARU stressed that            
   multioperator and IARU member-society HQ stations "must adhere strictly 
   to the regulations and social distancing guidelines in effect issued by 
   the responsible health authorities and the World Health Organization,   
   even if observing the guidelines is not legally required in their       
   locations." This requirement also applies to single-operator stations   
   and especially to stations hosting guest operators.                     
                                                                           
   The objective of the IARU HF World Championship is "to support amateur  
   self-training in radiocommunications including improving amateur        
   operating skills, conducting technical investigations, and              
   intercommunicating with other amateurs around the world, especially     
   IARU member-society headquarters stations." Special rules governing     
   IARU member-society HQ stations permit using multiple sites, if         
   national regulations permit.                                            
                                                                           
   The Vakarel broadcast                                                   
   transmitter tower and two                                               
   smaller antennas. HQ station                                            
   LZ0AA will use this for an                                              
   80-meter antenna.                                                       
                                                                           
   The HQ list includes ARRL. Members of the Tennessee Contest Group (TCG) 
   will operate as ARRL HQ station W1AW/4, while IARU HQ Station NU1AW     
   will be operated remotely by a team of operators using WW2DX facilities 
   on the coast of Maine.                                                  
                                                                           
   In addition to HQ stations, members of the IARU ministrative Council  
   (AC) and the three IARU regional executive committees will send AC, R1, 
   R2, and R3, as appropriate. IARU President Tim Ellam, VE6SH, will be    
   active for a limited period, giving out the AC multiplier. IARU         
   HQ/official stations and ITU zones are multipliers, which count per     
   band but not per mode, but contacts count per mode per band. Contacts   
   with IARU member-society HQ stations and officials do not count as zone 
   multipliers.                                                            
                                                                           
   Listen for this one: In Bulgaria, the Vakarel broadcast transmitter has 
   been off the air since 2015. The antenna, erected in 1937, is 215       
   meters (705 feet). During the IARU contest, the Bulgarian Federation of 
   Radio Amateurs (BFRA) HQ station will use the antenna on 80 meters as   
   LZ0AA. After the contest, the antenna will be taken down. -- Thanks to  
   The Daily DX for some information                                       
   Maritime Mobile Service Network Comes to the Aid of Vessel in Distress  
                                                                           
   The Maritime Mobile Service Net (MMSN) on 14.300 MHz came to the        
   assistance of a sailing vessel in distress on June 25. MMSN control     
   operator Steven Carpenter, K9UA, took a call on 20 meters from Ian      
   Cummings, KB4SG, the skipper of the Mystic Lady, then some 40 miles     
   east of Florida. Cummings reported that his engine had failed as he was 
   attempting to return to his home port of Stuart, Florida. He not only   
   had insufficient wind, but a strong current was carrying the vessel out 
   to sea.                                                                 
                                                                           
   Cummings had been unable to reach any station via his VHF marine radio, 
   because he was too far from the coast. Assisting in the call was Robert 
   Wynhoff, K5HUT, also an MMSN net control operator. Cummings said his    
   vessel, with one passenger on board, was drifting northwest toward the  
   South Carolina coast.                                                   
                                                                           
   "A major concern was that the vessel was heading directly towards a lee 
   shore," the MMSN reported. "Lee shores are shallow, dangerous areas     
   which are a hazard to watercraft. Vessels could be pushed into the      
   shallow area by the wind, possibly running aground and breaking up."    
                                                                           
   Carpenter contacted Cummings' family, who had already called the Sea    
   Tow marine towing service. Sea Tow advised Carpenter to tell the        
   captain to head closer to shore by sailing west, if possible. Carpenter 
   told Cummings that if he was unable to get nearer to shore, he would    
   notify the US Coast Guard, which was already monitoring the situation.  
                                                                           
   As the MMSN reported, "The Mystic Lady was able to make some headway,   
   but it was very slow. Members of the MMSN made additional calls via     
   landline to the captain's family as to the ongoing status of those on   
   board. The family was concerned but relieved that communication was     
   established and that all were well."                                    
                                                                           
   Several hours later, the captain advised that the wind had picked up,   
   allowing him to head close enough to shore for Sea Tow to reach the     
   vessel and take it back to port.                                        
                                                                           
   The Pacific Seafarers' Net, which monitors 14.300 MHz from the West     
   Coast after the MMSN secures at 0200 UTC, kept in touch with the Mystic 
   Lady into the night while it was under tow.                             
                                                                           
   The tired, grateful captain later messaged the net, "A million thanks   
   to everyone last night who helped rescue us on 14.300. Everyone chipped 
   in as we drifted north in the Gulf Stream 60 miles headed to a lee      
   shore. The MMSN net control and several others stayed with us for       
   hours, phoned people, and were immensely helpful. The situation on      
   board was dangerous. We are now safely under tow home. You folks are    
   amazing!"                                                               
                                                                           
   In operation since 1968, the MMSN monitors 14.300 MHz 70 hours a week   
   to assist vessels and others in need of assistance. -- Thanks to MMSN   
   Net Manager Jeff Savasta, KB4JKL                                        
                                                                         
   Newer Solar Cycle 25 Forecast Runs Counter to Consensus                 
                                                                           
   Scientists associated with the National Center for Atmospheric          
   Research, the University of Maryland, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 
   and other institutions are offering a "bold prediction" on how Solar    
   Cycle 25 will play out. In a paper, "Overlapping Magnetic Activity      
   Cycles and the Sunspot Number: Forecasting Sunspot Cycle 25 Amplitude," 
   they assert that the next sunspot cycle will be of major proportions.   
   The forecast stands in stark contrast to the consensus of forecasters   
   who predict that the magnitude of the nascent Cycle 25 may not be much  
   different from the current unremarkable solar cycle, which appears to   
   have reach its low point.                                               
                                                                           
   "From the dawn of modern observational astronomy, sunspots have         
   presented a challenge to understanding -- their quasi-periodic          
   variation in number, first noted 160 years ago, stimulates              
   community-wide interest to this day," the abstract points out. "A large 
   number of techniques are able to explain the temporal landmarks,        
   (geometric) shape, and amplitude of sunspot 'cycles,' however,          
   forecasting these features accurately in advance remains elusive."      
                                                                           
   Monthly sunspot numbers since                                           
   1749. The data values are                                               
   represented by dots, and the                                            
   12-month running average values                                         
   are illustrated as a red shaded                                         
   area. Vertical blue dashed lines                                        
   signify the magnetic activity                                           
   cycle termination times that                                            
   trigger the rapid growth of                                             
   sunspot activity.                                                       
                                                                           
   The paper notes that recent studies have illustrated a relationship     
   between the sun's 22-year Hale magnetic cycle and the production of     
   sunspot cycle landmarks and patterns, but not the amplitude of the      
   cycle.                                                                  
                                                                           
   "Using discrete Hilbert transforms on 270 years of monthly sunspot      
   numbers to robustly identify the so-called 'termination' events --      
   landmarks marking the start and end of sunspot and magnetic activity    
   cycles -- we extract a relationship between the temporal spacing of     
   terminators and the magnitude of sunspot cycles," the abstract          
   explains. "Given this relationship and our prediction of a terminator   
   event in 2020, we deduce that Sunspot Cycle 25 will have a magnitude    
   that rivals the top few since records began. This outcome would be in   
   stark contrast to the community consensus estimate of Sunspot Cycle 25  
   magnitude."                                                             
                                                                           
                                      NASA's Solar Dynamic Observatory     
                                      captured this image of a sunspot,    
                                      with a core larger than Earth.       
                                                                           
   According to the paper, low-amplitude solar cycles appear to correspond 
   with widely separated terminators, while larger-amplitude cycles        
   correspond to more narrowly separated terminators.                      
                                                                           
   "[O]ur best estimate for the [sunspot number] amplitude of Solar Cycle  
   25 is 233 spots, with a 68% confidence that the amplitude will fall     
   between 204 and 254 spots," the paper posits. "We predict with 95%      
   confidence that the Cycle 25 amplitude will fall between 153 and 305    
   spots."                                                                 
                                                                           
   The researchers concede that their forecast is outside of the           
   scientific consensus, based on different paradigms. "Over the coming    
   months, as [Solar Cycle] 25 matures, it will become evident which of    
   these paradigms is most relevant," the paper says. "Very early          
   indications of the spot pattern are appearing at higher-than-average    
   latitudes (ƒ*¬40Aø). Historically, high-latitude spot emergence has     
   been associated with the development of large amplitude sunspot cycles  
   -- only time will tell."                                                
   ARRL Podcasts Schedule                                                  
                                                                           
   The latest episode of the On the Air podcast (Episode 7) features tips  
   for soldering a PL-259 connector onto the end of a coaxial cable, and   
   information on beginner courses for hams who want to serve their        
   communities during disasters and other incidents. The On the Air        
   podcast is a monthly companion to On the Air magazine, ARRL's magazine  
   for beginner-to-intermediate ham radio operators.                       
                                                                           
   The latest episode of the Eclectic Tech podcast (Episode 11), available 
   on Thursday, July 2, will cover Shortwave Radiogram, web-based remote   
   receivers, and PSKreporter.                                             
                                                                           
   The On the Air and Eclectic Tech podcasts are sponsored by Icom. Both   
   podcasts are available on iTunes (iOS) and Stitcher (Android) as well   
   as on Blubrry -- On the Air | Eclectic Tech.                            
                                                                         
   The K7RA Solar Update                                                   
                                                                           
   Tad Cook, K7RA, Seattle, reports: We saw a new sunspot on July 4, but   
   it was from the declining Solar Cycle 24 and lasted only through the    
   next day. Sunspot numbers were 12 and 11, for an average daily sunspot  
   number of 3.3 for the week. Prior to July 4, no sunspots had been       
   observed since June 15.                                                 
                                                                           
   The average daily solar flux was 68.5; the previous week, it was 68.6.  
   The average daily planetary A index inched up from 4.7 to 5.1, and the  
   average daily middle latitude A index shifted from 4.7 to 6.4.          
                                                                           
   The 45-day outlook for solar flux does not look promising, with no      
   values predicted at 70 or above. Predicted solar flux is 68 on July 9 - 
   24; 69 on July 25 - August 8; 68 on August 9 - 20, and 69 on August 21  
   - 22.                                                                   
                                                                           
   Predicted planetary A index is 8 on July 9; 5 on July 10 - 12; 8 on     
   July 13; 5 on July 14 - 26; 8 on July 27 - 28; 5 on July 29 - 30; 12,   
   10, 8, and 8 on July 31 - August 3, and 5 on August 4 - 22.             
                                                                           
   Sunspot numbers for July 2 - 8 were 0, 0, 12, 11, 0, 0, and 0, with a   
   mean of 3.3. The 10.7-centimeter flux was 68, 69.3, 69.5, 69.4, 68.5,   
   67.7, and 67.2, with a mean of 68.5. Estimated planetary A indices were 
   4, 4, 7, 10, 5, 4, and 2, with a mean of 5.1. Middle latitude A index   
   was 5, 5, 9, 13, 6, 5, and 2, with a mean of 6.4.                       
                                                                           
   A comprehensive K7RA Solar Update is posted Fridays on the ARRL         
   website. For more information concerning radio propagation, visit the   
   ARRL Technical Information Service, read "What the Numbers Mean...,"    
   and check out K9LA's Propagation Page.                                  
                                                                           
   A propagation bulletin archive is available. Monthly charts offer       
   propagation projections between the US and a dozen DX locations.        
                                                                           
   Share your reports and observations.                                    
   Just Ahead in Radiosport                                                
     * July 11 -- FISTS Summer Unlimited Sprint (CW)                       
     * July 11 - 12 -- IARU HF World Championship (CW, phone)              
     * July 11 - 12 -- SKCC Weekend Sprintathon (CW)                       
     * July 12 -- QRP ARCI Summer Homebrew Sprint (CW)                     
     * July 13 -- 4 States QRP Group Second Sunday Sprint (CW, phone)      
     * July 15 -- RSGB 80-Meter Club Championship, SSB                     
     * July 16 -- NAQCC CW Sprint CW                                       
                                                                           
   See the ARRL Contest Calendar for more information. For in-depth        
   reporting on amateur radio contesting, subscribe to The ARRL Contest    
   Update via your ARRL member profile email preferences.                  
                                                                         
   QSO Today Virtual Ham Expo Announces Full Lineup of Speakers            
                                                                           
   The first QSO Today Virtual Ham Expo, which takes place the weekend of  
   August 8 - 9, has confirmed what it's calling "a packed lineup of over  
   70 great speakers" for the ARRL-sanctioned event. Attendance is free    
   and registration is open.                                               
                                                                           
   Presentations will cover a range of topics, with two tracks focused on  
   providing hands-on, practical advice for those just getting started in  
   amateur radio. Steve Johnston, WD8DAS, will demonstrate basic soldering 
   techniques for repairing equipment and building projects. Marcel        
   Stieber, AI6MS, will offer an overview of common battery types,         
   discussing the pros and cons of each -- including battery chemistry,    
   common uses and misuses, and everyday application tips.                 
                                                                           
   For experienced operators, topics will cover new techniques, equipment  
   upgrading, 3D printing, and more. Glenn Johnson, W0GJ, will attempt to  
   answer the question, "Is 3 dB Worth a Divorce?" and cover a wide range  
   of antenna topics. Jim Veatch, WA2EUJ, will explain how to build a QRP  
   radio. In his presentation, "The Slot Antenna -- Undiscovered Country   
   for Most Hams," John Portune, W6NBC, will demonstrate how a satellite   
   TV dish can be "slotted" to make an effective outdoor 2-meter or UHF    
   antenna for use in antenna-restricted neighborhoods.                    
                                                                           
   Prominent youth educator Carole Perry, WB2MGP, will moderate a lineup   
   featuring amateur radio's future leaders. Audrey McElroy, KM4BUN, will  
   speak on "Getting Girls Involved in STEM, Specifically Amateur Radio!", 
   while hot-air ballooning will be the focus of a talk by Jack McElroy,   
   KM4ZIA, "Highly Flying Kids with HAB."                                  
                                                                           
   QSO Today's Eric Guth, 4Z1UG, says that one challenge to any ham radio  
   convention, whether in person or virtual, is keeping the content of     
   presentations from becoming overly complicated and overwhelming. "For   
   our inaugural virtual Expo, we've made sure that there are great        
   speakers for both beginners and experienced hams," Guth said. "We've    
   asked all of our speakers to be laser focused on their topics while     
   providing hands-on, practical advice." Each presentation will wrap up   
   with a live question-and-answer session.                                
                                                                           
   For more information or to register, visit the QSO Today Virtual Ham    
   Expo website. Attendance is free, and there are early bird prize        
   incentives for registering by July 24.                                  
                                                                           
     -------------------------------------------------------------------   
                                                                           
   Announcements July 9                                                    
     * NEAR-Fest in Deerfield, New Hampshire, has been canceled for 2020   
       due to the coronavirus pandemic. The popular regional hamfest and   
       swap meet plans to return April 30 - May 1 and October 12- 13,      
       2021.                                                               
     * Radio Amateurs of Canada (RAC) is offering to host websites for its 
       affiliated clubs on the RAC server at little or no cost, depending  
       on how the club's domain is set up.                                 
     * The Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) reports "record numbers"  
       of ham radio exam candidates, with more than 800 candidates         
       successfully completing the online Foundation on June 26, and more  
       than 650 booked for future dates.                                   
     * On June 27, a new KiwiSDR web software-defined radio became         
       operational in Iceland. The new receiver is located in BlA­fjAP:ll  
       at an altitude of 690 meters (about 2,298 feet). It uses a          
       horizontal dipole for 80 and 40 meters and covers from 10 kHz to 30 
       MHz, AM, FM, SSB, and CW. Up to eight users can be logged on at the 
       same time. -- Thanks to Icelandic Radio Amateurs                    
                                                                           
     -------------------------------------------------------------------   
                                                                           
                                                                         
   ARRL Seeks Awards and Programs Assistant                                
                                                                           
   ARRL has invited applications for the position of Awards and Programs   
   Assistant at ARRL Headquarters in Newington, Connecticut. This is a     
   full-time, non-exempt opening in the Radiosport and Field Services      
   Department. The pay range is from $16.08 to 19.30 per hour.             
                                                                           
   The Awards and Programs Assistant assists with all Radiosport and Field 
   Services Department activities, with an initial priority on Logbook of  
   The World (LoTW) support. Other duties may involve supporting DXCC and  
   other awards programs, W1AW operations, and contest program and field   
   service support. This individual also may be assigned special projects  
   and would represent ARRL in public forums worldwide.                    
                                                                           
   The successful candidate should have a well-rounded knowledge of        
   amateur radio, an Amateur Extra-class license, and 2 years of operating 
   experience; the ability to quickly understand and explain software      
   functionality, and proficiency in keyboarding and data entry. This      
   individual should have attained DXCC, regularly submit contest logs to  
   sponsors, use LoTW, and be able to resolve issues efficiently.          
                                                                           
   A bachelor's degree is preferred. The ideal candidate will have         
   excellent interpersonal, telephone, and listening skills and be         
   proficient in public presentations. Some overnight travel may be        
   required.                                                               
                                                                           
   To apply, submit a cover letter and resume via mail, email, or fax to   
   ARRL, c/o Monique Levesque, 225 Main St., Newington, CT 06111 (fax      
   860-594 -0298). For complete position information, visit ARRL           
   Employment Opportunities and scroll down to "Awards and Programs        
   Assistant."                                                             
                                                                           
   ARRL is an equal opportunity employer.                                  
                                                                           
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   Washington Club Conducts Outdoor Amateur Exam Session                   
                                                                           
   Parking lots may be replacing community centers, schools, and           
   clubhouses as convenient locations to conduct amateur radio examination 
   sessions. On June 20, the Mike and Key Amateur Radio Club in Washington 
   took over a Boeing parking lot to administer tests under the ARRL       
   Volunteer Examination Coordinator (ARRL VEC). Volunteer Examiner Scott  
   Robinson, AG7T, said his team had been unable to administer exam        
   sessions since early March.                                             
                                                                           
   "Based upon King County and Washington State COVID guidance, we thought 
   we could give an outdoor session using one of Boeing's parking lots in  
   Renton," Robinson told ARRL. "That required a lot of work to organize." 
                                                                           
   Volunteer examiners at the June 20                                      
   session included K7PIA, AG7T, KL7WM,                                    
   KD7IQL, KF7RWA, W7GIL, and K7CMW.                                       
   [K7CMW, photo]                                                          
                                                                           
   Robinson said the team developed a COVID-19 mitigation plan that        
   detailed how the examiners would address several major areas. These     
   included health screening of VEs and exam candidates, social distancing 
   in all aspects of the session, sanitation in setting up the test area   
   and in session processes, and contact tracing.                          
                                                                           
   "With those details agreed to, an information document was produced for 
   the examinees that listed a set of requirements each of them needed to  
   meet," Robinson said. "For example, no carpooling to the session. Each  
   examinee who agreed to the requirements was then registered for the     
   session." Candidates had to register in advance via email, at which     
   time they would receive directions to the exam session location and     
   requirements.                                                           
                                                                           
   A custom set of test booklets were produced for single use and then     
   disposed of. "We used plastic sheet protectors to ensure minimal        
   handling of examinees' documents by the VEs," Robinson explained.       
   "These were also thrown away."                                          
                                                                           
   Examinees parked in every other parking spot, facing the VE area in the 
   center of the lot. This allowed the VEs to supervise those taking exams 
   by looking through car windows.                                         
                                                                           
   "We had 24 examinees at the session and gave 29 exams, leading to 14    
   Technicians, seven Generals, and two Amateur Extras," Robinson said,    
   noting that an additional 10 candidates are on the waiting list. "We    
   are going to do this again on the third Saturday in July."              
   Annual KPH "Night of Nights" Canceled                                   
                                                                           
   The Maritime Radio Historical Society (MRHS) and the National Park      
   Service have announced that the annual KPH Night of Nights has been     
   canceled due to COVID-19 precautions. This would have been the 21st     
   such event, which commemorates what is believed to be the last          
   commercial Morse transmission in the US.                                
                                                                           
                                      Maritime Radio Historical Society    
                                      founder Richard Dillman, W6AWO,      
                                      keyed the initial commemorative      
                                      broadcast during Night of Nights XX  
                                      while volunteer engineer Roy         
                                      Henrichs, WB6OVV, read the message   
                                      aloud to attendees.                  
                                                                           
   While KPH, KFS, and K6KPH will not be on the air for Night of Nights    
   XXI, MRHS members will be active from home. Members will use their own  
   call signs on the usual K6KPH frequencies of 3550, 7050, and 14,050 kHz 
   starting at 0001 UTC on July 13 (the evening of July 12 in North        
   American time zones) and will send the Night of Nights opening message  
   traditionally transmitted via KPH. They will then stand by for calls or 
   will call "CQ NON" or "CQ Night of Nights."                             
                                                                           
   Listen for WB6OVV, N6BBF, WB6UZX, AA6IF, N6AD, W6AWO, W6DHM, and        
   possibly others.                                                        
   In Brief...                                                             
                                                                           
   AMSAT has announced the 2020 Board of Directors slate of candidates.    
   The following candidates for seats on the AMSAT-NA Board of Directors   
   have been found to have their membership in good standing and their     
   nomination credentials in order: Howard DeFelice, AB2S; Mark Hammond,   
   N8MH; Jeff Johns, WE4B; Robert McGwier, N4HY; Bruce Paige, KK5DO, and   
   Paul Stoetzer, N8HM. AMSAT will elect three voting members of the Board 
   this year, with seats going to the three candidates receiving the       
   greatest number of votes. Two alternates will be chosen, based on the   
   next highest number of votes received. Ballots will be mailed to AMSAT  
   members by July 15. -- Thanks to AMSAT News Service via AMSAT Secretary 
   Brennan Price, N4QX                                                     
                                                                           
   ARRL Central Division Director Kermit Carlson, W9XA, points out that a  
   new Indiana "hands-free" driving law carves out an exception for ham    
   radio mobile operation. "The hands-free law applies to electronic       
   communications devices which includes cell phones, tablets, and         
   smart-watches," a Q&A on the law explains. "Amateur radio, two-way      
   radio, and citizens band (CB) may be used under the hands-free law, but 
   drivers are required to do so in a safe manner." The Q&A notes that     
   "holding a smartphone or tablet while driving is a significant factor   
   in crashes caused by distracted driving."                               
                                                                           
   A special event will celebrate the 40th anniversary of Vanuatu's        
   independence On July 30, 1980, the Republic of Vanuatu gained its       
   independence. France and the UK claimed parts of the archipelago, and   
   in 1906, they agreed on a framework for jointly managing it as the New  
   Hebrides. In celebration of the 40th anniversary of independence, all   
   three members of the Vanuatu Amateur Radio Society (VARS) will operate  
   special event station YJ40IND during the month of July. Activity will   
   be according to the individual operators' schedules, but is expected to 
   occur mostly during late afternoons and evenings (0600 - 1000 UTC). A   
   greater emphasis will be made over weekends and on Independence Day,    
   July 30. Operators should look for activity on 40, 20, and 15 meters,   
   where propagation is expected. On FT8 (normal or as the Fox) will be    
   Rod, YJ8RN. On SSB will be Estelle, YJ8ED. On CW, listen for Colin,     
   YJ8CW. Operators will be running 100 W. -- Thanks to The Daily DX       
                                                                           
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   Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions                  
                                                                           
     -------------------------------------------------------------------   
                                                                           
   Note: Many conventions and hamfests have been canceled or postponed due 
   to the coronavirus pandemic. Check the calendar of canceled events on   
   the ARRL website.                                                       
                                                                           
     -------------------------------------------------------------------   
                                                                           
     * July 16 - 19 -- Montana State Convention, Essex, Montana            
     * July 24 - 25 -- Oklahoma State Convention, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma  
     * August 7 - 9 -- Rocky Mountain Division Convention, Parker,         
       Colorado                                                            
     * August 21 - 23 -- West Virginia State Convention, Weston, West      
       Virginia                                                            
                                                                           
   Find conventions and hamfests in your area.                             
                                                                           
   ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                           
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