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Ärende: Press Release (0708091) for Thu, 2007 Aug 9
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President Bush Discusses American Competitiveness Initiative During Press
Conference
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For Immediate Release Office of the Press Secretary August 9, 2007

President Bush Discusses American Competitiveness Initiative During Press
Conference James S. Brady Briefing Room

˙ /news/releases/2007/08/20070809-1.wm.v.html ˙˙Presidential Remarks
˙˙Audio ˙˙Photos

˙˙˙˙˙ President Bush Signs America COMPETES Act ˙˙˙˙˙ Fact Sheet: America
Competes Act of 2007

10:33 A.M. EDT

THE PRESIDENT: Good morning, thank you. When I came into office in 2001,
our nation was headed into a recession. So we cut the taxes across the
board. And hardworking Americans have used this tax relief to produce
strong and lasting economic growth.

Since we began cutting taxes in 2001, our economy has expanded by more than
$1.9 trillion. Since the tax cuts took full effect in 2003, our economy has
added more than 8.3 million new jobs, and almost four years of
uninterrupted growth. Inflation is low, unemployment is low, real after-tax
income has grown by an average of more than $3,400 per person since I took
office. The American economy is the envy of the world, and we need to keep
it that way.

Our economy is growing in large part because America has the most
ambitious, educated and innovative people in the world -- men and women who
take risks, try out new ideas, and have the skills and courage to turn
their dreams into new technologies and new businesses. To stay competitive
in the global economy, we must continue to lead the world in human talent
and creativity.

So in my 2006 State of the Union address, I announced the American
Competitiveness Initiative, and I called on Republicans and Democrats in
Congress to join me in this effort, to encourage innovation throughout our
economy. As part of this initiative, I asked Congress to expand America's
investment in basic research, so we can support our nation's most creative
minds as they explore new frontiers in nano-technology or supercomputing or
alternative energy sources. I asked Congress to strengthen math and science
education, so our children have the skills they need to compete for the
jobs of the future. I asked Congress to make permanent the research and
development tax credit, so we can encourage bolder private-sector
initiatives in technology.

Today I'm going to sign into law a bill that supports many of the key
elements of the American Competitiveness Initiative. This legislation
supports our efforts to double funding for basic research in physical
sciences. This legislation authorizes most of the education programs I
called for in the initiative I laid out at the State of the Union. These
programs include Math Now proposals to improve instruction in mathematics,
and the advanced placement program my administration proposed, to increase
the number of teachers and students in AP and international baccalaureate
classes.

These are important steps forward, and so I'm going to sign the bill. I'm
looking forward to it. Yet the bill Congress sent to my desk leaves some of
the key priorities unfulfilled, and authorizes unnecessary and duplicative
programs. I will continue to focus my budget requests on the key priorities
in the bill I outlined, and will work with Congress to focus its spending
on those programs that will be most effective.

I will continue to press Congress to approve the remaining measures of the
American Competitiveness Initiative. These measures include the Adjunct
Teacher Corps program to encourage math and science professionals to take
time out of their lives and teach in our schools, and to inspire the youth
to become more interested in math and science. I believe Congress ought to
make the research and development tax credit a permanent part of the tax
code, to encourage investment.

The bill I will sign today will help ensure that we do remain the most
competitive and innovative nation in the world. I thank members of Congress
from both parties who worked hard to secure its passage. I particularly
want to thank Senators Pete Domenici, Jeff Bingaman, Lamar Alexander and
John Ensign, as well as Congressmen Bart Gordon and Vern Ehlers.

You know, this bill shows that we can work together to make sure we're a
competitive nation. There's a lot of areas where we can seek common ground
coming this fall, and I'm looking forward to working with members of both
parties to do that.

Thank you for coming. I'll be glad to answer some of your questions.
Starting with you, Terry.

Q Mr. President, former Chairman of the House Transportation Committee,
Republican Don Young, says there are about 500 bridges around the country
like the one that collapsed in Minneapolis last week. And Young and other
Transportation Committee members are recommending an increase in federal
gasoline taxes to pay for repairs. Would you be willing to go along with an
increase in gasoline taxes of five cents a gallon or more?

THE PRESIDENT: First of all, Secretary Peters is gathering information and
will report to the White House and report to the nation about what she
finds about whether there are any structural design flaws that may be
applicable to other bridges. She's in the process of gathering this
information now.

The American people need to know that we're working hard to find out why
the bridge did what it did so that we can assure people that the bridges
over which they will be traveling will be safe. That's step one.

You know, it's an interesting question about how Congress spends and
prioritizes highway money. My suggestion would be that they revisit the
process by which they spend gasoline money in the first place.

As you probably know, the Public Works Committee is the largest committee
-- one of the largest committees in the House of Representatives. From my
perspective, the way it seems to have worked is that each member on that
committee gets to set his or her own priority first, and then whatever is
left over is spent through a funding formula. That's not the right way to
prioritize the people's money. So before we raise taxes which could affect
economic growth, I would strongly urge the Congress to examine how they set
priorities. And if bridges are a priority, let's make sure we set that
priority first and foremost before we raise taxes.

Q Thank you, Mr. President. One of your chief allies in the war on
terrorism, President Musharraf of Pakistan, has faced so much instability
and civil strife recently that there has been talk of declaring a state of
emergency. How concerned are you about President Musharraf's situation and
whether this might undermine Pakistani efforts against the Taliban and al
Qaeda elements in the bordering areas of his country, which have been
roundly criticized recently?

THE PRESIDENT: You know, I've seen the reports of what they call an
emergency declaration. I have seen no such evidence that he's made that
decision. In my discussions with President Musharraf, I have reminded him
that we share a common enemy: extremists and radicals who would like to do
harm to our respective societies -- in his case, they would like to kill
him, and they've tried.

I have made it clear to him that I would expect there to be full
cooperation in sharing intelligence, and I believe we've got good
intelligence sharing. I have indicated to him that the American people
would expect there to be swift action taken if there is actionable
intelligence on high-value targets inside his country. Now, I recognize
Pakistan is a sovereign nation, and that's important for Americans to
recognize that. But it's also important for Americans to understand that he
shares the same concern about radicals and extremists as I do and as the
American people do.

So my focus in terms of the domestic scene there is that he have a free and
fair election. And that's what we have been talking to him about and I'm
hopeful they will.

Yes, we'll just go down the line here.

Q Thank you, Mr. President. You speak often about taking care of the troops
and honoring their sacrifice. But the family of Corporal Pat Tillman
believes there was a cover up regarding his death, and some say perhaps he
was even murdered, instead of just friendly fire. At a hearing last week on
Capitol Hill your former Defense Secretary, Donald Rumsfeld, other
officials used some version of "I don't recall" 82 times. When it was his
term to step up, Pat Tillman gave up a lucrative NFL career, served his
country and paid the ultimate sacrifice. Now you have a chance to pledge to
the family that your government, your administration will finally get to
the bottom of it. Can you make that pledge to the family today, that you'll
finally, after seven investigations, find out what really happened?

THE PRESIDENT: Well, first of all, I can understand why Pat Tillman's
family, you know, has got significant emotions, because a man they loved
and respected was killed while he was serving his country. I always admired
the fact that a person who was relatively comfortable in life would be
willing to take off one uniform and put on another to defend America. And
the best way to honor that commitment of his is to find out the truth. And
I'm confident the Defense Department wants to find out the truth, too, and
we'll lay it out for the Tillman family to know.

Q But, Mr. President, there have been seven investigations and the Pentagon
has not gotten to the bottom of it. Can you also tell us when you,
personally, found out that it was not enemy fire, that it was friendly
fire?

THE PRESIDENT: I can't give you the precise moment. But obviously the
minute I heard that the facts that people believed were true were not true,
that I expect there to be a full investigation and get to the bottom of it.

Q Sir, on Monday, at Camp David, when you met with President Karzai from
Afghanistan, you were asked if you had actionable intelligence in Pakistan
of top al Qaeda leaders; would you take action unilaterally, if in fact you
felt that President Musharraf simply, for one reason or another, just
simply couldn't get his people there in time, would you move in? And you
said, if we had actionable -- good, actionable intelligence, we would get
the job done.

My question, one, is, who is "we"? Does that we include the Pakistanis, or
-- because the question says, Musharraf wouldn't be able to be in -- would
you do it unilaterally? And one reason this is a hot question this week is
that one of the Democratic presidential candidates, Barack Obama, talked
about taking unilateral action. He kind of got beaten up by people in the
Democratic Party, and by Mitt Romney in your party, Romney comparing him to
Dr. Strangelove. I don't know if you would agree with that, or if you would
feel --

THE PRESIDENT: John, I suspect that over the course of the next months,
when I hold a press conference, you'll be trying to get me to engage in
presidential politics; trying to get me to opine about what candidates are
saying, whether they be Republicans or Democrats. And hopefully I'll be
disciplined enough not to fall prey to your question, not to fall into that
trap.

To the question you asked, and to my answer in Camp David, I said I'm
confident that we -- both the Paks and the Americans -- will be able to
work up a plan, based upon actionable intelligence, that will bring the top
al Qaeda targets to justice. I meant what I said. We spend a lot of time
with the leadership in Pakistan, talking about what we will do with
actionable intelligence. And the question was, am I confident that they
will be brought to justice, and my answer to you is, yes, I am confident.

Q Are you confident -- permit me to have one follow-up, sir?

THE PRESIDENT: Sure. We're getting into kind of a relaxed period here. I'll
try to be more accommodating to fellows like you.

Q It's widely assumed that the CIA operatives are in Pakistan, cooperating
with the Pakistanis and that they're sharing everything with you, and vice
versa. Is that a fair assumption?

THE PRESIDENT: John, what's fair is -- what you must assume is that I'm not
going to talk about ongoing intelligence matters.

Q Mr. President, I was talking with a journalist about an hour ago in
Baghdad who says to be a cynic in Iraq is to be naive at this point; that
there is discernable progress, undeniable progress on the battlefield, but
there is just as discernable and undeniable lack of progress on political
reconciliation. Given the premise of the surge is to give the Iraqi
government breathing space to gets its business done, given that they're
not getting their business done, are the American people entitled to hear
from you more than, I've told Prime Minister Maliki he's got to do better?

THE PRESIDENT: As you know, General Petraeus and Ambassador Crocker will be
coming back to report on the findings of the success of the surge. The
surge success will not only include military successes and military
failures, but also political successes and political failures. And my own
perspective is, is that they have made some progress, but not enough. I
fully recognize this is a difficult assignment. One of the things that --
it's difficult because of years of tyrannical rule that have created a lot
of suspicions. And there's a lot of -- these folks need to trust each other
more.

Secondly, from my perspective, we're watching leaders learn how to be
leaders. This is a new process for people to be democratic leaders. Now, no
question they haven't passed some of the law we expected them to pass up to
now. That's where a lot of people will focus their attention. On the other
hand, there is a presidency council, with people from different political
parties, trying to work through some of these difficult issues, trying to
work through the distrust that has caused them not to be able to pass some
of the law we expect.

And the July 15th report that I submitted to Congress, there were
indications that they had met about half the benchmarks, and some of the
political benchmarks they were falling short. One of the things I found
interesting is that the assembly -- elected parliament has passed about 60
pieces of legislation this year, some of which are directly relevant to
reconciliations, like judicial reform; some of which were unwinding
Saddam's laws in the past.

One of the questions I recently asked about, is there a functioning
government, is there -- a lot of Americans look at it and say, there's
nothing happening there; there's, like, no government at all, I expect
they're saying. So I asked about the budgeting process -- in other words,
is there a centralized budgeting system that takes the oil revenues? I
understand about 97 percent of the Iraqi revenues to date come from oil.
And do they have a rational way of spending that money for the good of
society? Now most of the money, it turns out, is going into their military
operations -- operating expenses and capital expenses.

But one of the things I found interesting in my questions was there is
revenue sharing -- in other words, a central government revenue sharing to
provincial governments. It surprised me, frankly, because the impression
you get from people who are reporting out of Iraq is that it's like totally
dysfunctional -- that's what your -- I guess your kind of -- your friend or
whoever you talked to is implying.

In 2006, the central government allocated $2.3 billion to the provinces.
You know, I'm not exactly sure how the funding formula worked, but a quick
analysis, there is no question that Shia and Sunni provinces and Kurdish
provinces were receiving money. Of the $2.3 billion, $1.9 billion had been
obligated or spent. Now, some of that money is being better spent now
because of bottom up reconciliation that's taken place in places like
Anbar, particularly with the help of our provincial reconstruction teams.
The PRTs are helping. That's not to say what -- my point to you there is
that there needs still to be work in making sure that the provincial
governments are functioning well, to earn the trust of the people -- it's
not just the central government that we're working with, we're also working
with provincial governments to make sure that people have -- are inspired
to believe that the state is in their interest.

The point I'm making to you on this, Jim, is that there is a lot of work
left to be done, don't get me wrong. If one were to look hard, they could
find indications that -- more than indications, facts that show the
government is learning how to function. People say we need an oil revenue
sharing law. I agree with that, that needs to be codified. However, there
is oil revenue sharing taking place, is my point. There's a lot of work to
be done, and the fundamental question facing America is, is it worth it,
does it matter whether or not we stay long enough for an ally in this war
against radicals and extremists to emerge? And my answer is it does matter.
Long-term consequences will face our country if we leave before the job is
done. How the troops are configured, what the deployment looks like will
depend upon the recommendations of David Petraeus.

David.

Q Mr. President, I want to get your thoughts about the volatility in the
financial markets, but specifically, a series of questions. Do you think
that housing prices will continue to fall? Do you think that the inability
of people to borrow money the way they used to is going to spillover into
economy generally? And what are you prepared to do about it? And,
specifically, are you considering some kind of government bailout for
people who might lose their homes?

THE PRESIDENT: David, I'm wise enough to remind you that I'm not an
economist, and that I would ask you direct predictions and forecasts about
economic matters to those who make a living making forecasts and
predictions. I suspect you'll find on the one hand, on the other hand, in
how they predict. (Laughter.)

Now, what I focus on are the fundamentals of our economy. My belief is that
people will make rational decision based upon facts. And the fundamentals
of our economy are strong. I mentioned some of them before. Job creation is
strong. Real after-tax wages are on the rise. Inflation is low.
Interestingly enough, the global economy is strong, which has enabled us to
gain more exports, which helped the second quarter growth numbers to be
robust, at 3.4 percent.

Another factor one has got to look at is the amount of liquidity in the
system. In other words, is there enough liquidity to enable markets to be
able to correct? And I am told there is enough liquidity in the system to
enable markets to correct. One area where we can help consumer -- and
obviously anybody who loses their home is somebody with whom we must show
enormous empathy.

The word "bailout," I'm not exactly sure what you mean. If you mean direct
grants to homeowners, the answer would be no, I don't support that. If you
mean making sure that financial institutions like the FHA have got
flexibility to help these folks refinance their homes, the answer is yes, I
support that.

One thing is for certain, is that there needs to be more transparency in
the -- in financial documents. In other words, a lot of people sign up to
something they're not exactly sure what they're signing up for. More
financial literacy, I guess, is the best way to put it. We've had a lot of
really hardworking Americans sign up for loans, and the truth of the matter
is they probably didn't fully understand what they were signing up for. And
therefore, I do believe it's a proper role for government to enhance
financial education initiatives, and we're doing that, we've got money in
the budget to do that.

Let's see here --

Q Can I just ask one follow up, sir? Come on. (Laughter.)

THE PRESIDENT: Sure.

Q Because you weren't this circumspect when you were talking to reporters
yesterday about the economy.

THE PRESIDENT: How do you know? You weren't there, David.

Q Well, you're right, I wasn't, but --

THE PRESIDENT: I'm curious to know why you weren't there. Ask Baker, he was
there. (Laughter.)

Q Only economics reporters were allowed.

THE PRESIDENT: I think I pretty much said the same thing yesterday, in all
due respect.

Q What's going on in the housing market, is it a correction or a crisis, in
your view? Can you assess that?

THE PRESIDENT: Yesterday I did comment upon that, that there was a -- I
talked about the different scenarios that I had been briefed on about
whether or not there would be a precipitous decline in housing or whether
it would be what one would call a soft landing, and it appeared at this
point that it looks we're headed for a soft landing. And that's what the
facts say.

Thank you. Mike.

Q Mr. President, thank you. There is more evidence of Iranian weapons
ending up in Iraq and ultimately killing U.S. troops. And I'm wondering
today, sir, if you have a message to the regime in Tehran about these
weapons ending up in Iraq and obviously doing harm to American citizens?

THE PRESIDENT: One of the main reasons that I asked Ambassador Crocker to
meet with Iranians inside Iraq was to send the message that there will be
consequences for people transporting, delivering EFPs, highly sophisticated
IEDs that kill Americans in Iraq. Prime Minister Maliki is visiting in
Tehran today. His message, I'm confident will be, stabilize, don't
destabilize. And the sending of weapons into Iraq is a destabilizing
factor. That's why we -- yes, we've sent the message, Peter, and in that
meeting.

Holly.

Q Sir, getting back to the credit crunch caused by defaults in sub-prime
mortgages, should Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac be allowed to buy mortgages
beyond their current limits, or play any additional role that could help
revive mortgage finance?

THE PRESIDENT: As you know, we put up a robust reform package for these two
institutions, a reform package that will cause them to focus on their core
mission, first and foremost; a reform package that says like other lending
institutions, there ought to be regulatory oversight. And therefore, first
things first when it comes to those two institutions. Congress needs to get
them reformed, get them streamlined, get them focused, and then I will
consider other options.

Baker.

Q Thank you, sir. A two-part question. The New Yorker reports that the Red
Cross has found the interrogation program in the CIA detention facilities
use interrogation techniques that were tantamount to torture. I'm wondering
if you have read that report and what your reaction to it is? And the
second part of the question is, more than a year ago you said that you
wanted to close the detention facility at Guantanamo, and a year later
nothing has actually happened in that regard. And the Vice President,
Attorney General and Homeland Security Secretary are reported to be
resisting such a move. I wonder if you could tell us who's really in charge
on this issue, are you doing anything about it, do you expect Guantanamo to
be open or closed when you leave office?

THE PRESIDENT: I did say it should be a goal of the nation to shut down
Guantanamo. I also made it clear that part of the delay was the reluctance
of some nations to take back some of the people being held there. In other
words, in order to make it work, we've got to have a place for these people
to go. I don't know if you noticed a resolution of the Senate the other
day, where all but three senators said we don't want these prisoners in the
country. I don't know if it was a 97-3 vote, but it was something-to-three
vote. In other words, part of the issue, Peter, is the practical issue of,
what do we do with the people. And you say nothing has taken place. I
strongly disagree with that. First of all, we are working with other
nations to send folks back. Again, it's a fairly steep order. A lot of
people don't want killers in their midst, and a lot of these people are
killers.

Secondly, of course, we want to make sure that when we do send them back,
they're treated as humanely as possible. The other issue was whether or not
we can get people to be tried. One of the things I'm anxious about, want to
see happen, is that there to be trials. Courts have been involved with
deciding how to do this, and Defense is trying to work out mechanisms to
get the trials up and running. And the sooner we can get that up and
running, the better it is, as far as I'm concerned. I don't want to make
any predictions about whether Guantanamo will be available or not. I'm just
telling you it's a very complicated subject.

And I laid out an aspiration. Whether or not we can achieve that or not,
we'll try to. But it is not as easy a subject as some may think on the
surface. Again, I refer to you to the Senate vote. When asked whether or
not you want to shut down Guantanamo, and therefore receive some of those
prisoners in your home state, there didn't seem to be a lot of support for
it. Like, three people said, it's okay by me, in the Senate.

Your other question, sir?

Q Red Cross report?

THE PRESIDENT: I haven't seen it. We don't torture.

Yes, Jim.

Q Thank you, Mr. President. I'd like to pivot off of what you were talking
about earlier, with Prime Minister Maliki's visit to Iran. Reports out of
Iran today, out of Iran, say that Prime Minister Maliki told President
Ahmadinejad that he appreciated Iran's positive and constructive stance.
The pictures from the visit are very warm. I'm wondering, do you and your
Iraqi counterparts see eye-to-eye on Iran, and what kind of message do
those images send to your allies in the region and Americans who are
skeptical about the Prime Minister's role?

THE PRESIDENT: Jim, I haven't seen the reports. Before I would like to
comment upon how their meetings went, I would like to get a readout from
our embassy, who of course will be in touch with the Prime Minister, and
get his readout. And so it's a -- you're asking me to be a little
speculative on the subject. I haven't seen the picture.

Look, generally the way these things work is you try to be cordial to the
person you're with, and so you don't want the picture to be kind of, you
know, ducking it out. Okay, put up your dukes. That's an old boxing
expression. (Laughter.)

Q Once more, please?

THE PRESIDENT: And so, I don't know, Jim. You've obviously followed this a
lot -- you've seen the reports. I'm sure you're confident that what you've
asked me is verifiable. I'm not surprised that there's a picture showing
people smiling.

Q However --

THE PRESIDENT: Let me finish, please. And so it's a -- anyway, let me get
the facts on what happened. Now if the signal is that Iran is constructive,
I will have to have a heart-to-heart with my friend, the Prime Minister,
because I don't believe they are constructive. I don't think he, in his
heart of heart, thinks they're constructive, either. Now maybe he's hopeful
in trying to get them to be constructive by laying out a positive picture.
You're asking me to speculate.

Should I be concerned of a picture -- should the American people be
concerned about Iran? Yes, we ought to be very concerned about Iran.
They're a destabilizing influence. They are a government that has -- its
declared policy is very troubling, obviously, when they announce -- when
Ahmadinejad has announced that the destruction of Israel is part of its
foreign policy.

That's something, obviously, we cannot live with. They have expressed their
desire to be able to enrich uranium, which we believe is a step toward
having a nuclear weapons program. That, in itself, coupled with their
stated foreign policy, is very dangerous for world stability. They are
funders of Hezbollah. Hezbollah is intent upon battling forces of
moderation. It's a very troubling nation right now.

Iran can do better. The government is isolating its people. The government
has caused America and other nations, rational nations, to say, we will
work together to do everything we can to deny you economic opportunity
because of the decisions you are making. My message to the Iranian people
is, you can do better than this current government; you don't have to be
isolated; you don't have to be in a position where you can't realize your
full economic potential. And the United States of America will continue to
work with our friends and allies in the Security Council and elsewhere to
put you in a position to deny you your rightful place in the world, not
because of our intention, because of your government's intention.

So it is a very -- it's a difficult issue, Jim. And the American people
should be concerned about Iran. They should be concerned about Iran's
activity in Iraq, and they ought to be concerned about Iran's activity
around the world.

Q In your previous conversations with Prime Minister Maliki, have you been
confident that he shares your view on Iraq [sic]?

THE PRESIDENT: On Iran?

Q Yes.

THE PRESIDENT: Yes. He knows that weaponry being smuggled into Iraq from
Iran and placed in the hands of extremists over which the government has no
control, all aimed at killing innocent life, is a destabilizing factor. He
absolutely understands that.

I don't know if you saw yesterday, there was a -- we talked to General
Petraeus, or I talked to General Petraeus and Ambassador Crocker yesterday.
I noticed in the papers today there was a description of a military
operation that took place in Sadr City. The military operation in Sadr City
was going after extremist elements, Shia extremist elements. And it was a
very robust operation. Obviously, it -- well, I shouldn't say "obviously"
-- it was done with the full understanding of the Maliki government.

Now, I don't know whether this extremist element had been fueled by Iran,
but I do know that Maliki is committed against extremist elements who are
trying to create enough chaos and confusion that this young government and
young democracy is not able to progress. So the first thing I looked for
was commitment against the extremists. The second thing is does he
understand with some extremist groups there is connections with Iran, and
he does. And I'm confident.

Now, is he trying to get Iran to play a more constructive role? I presume
he is. But that doesn't -- what my question is -- well, what my message to
him is, is that when we catch you playing a non-constructive role there
will be a price to pay.

Let's see here, Mark.

Q Mr. President, are you considering a plan to cut corporate taxes? Do you
believe America's corporations are not making enough money these days?

THE PRESIDENT: Actually, we had an interesting discussion on this subject.
And if you read carefully the penetrating report by the financial reporter
-- kind of like semi-financial reporter -- (laughter) -- you'll find that
it was -- I was talking about an idea that has begun to surface as a result
of meetings being held at the Treasury Department.

And the whole reason to look at corporate rates is to determine whether or
not they make us less competitive in a global economy. And if so -- in
other words, if the conclusion is, is that our tax structure makes it
harder for businesses to compete, therefore making it harder for people to
find work over time, then we need to address the competitive imbalance in
our tax code.

I also made it clear that we're at the very early stages of discussion and
that in my own judgment, anything that would be submitted to Congress -- if
submitted at all -- would have to be revenue neutral. And therefore, what
we'd really be talking about is a simplification of a very complex tax code
that might be able to lower rates and at the same time simplify the code,
which is like shorthand for certain deductions would be taken away -- in
other words, certain tax preferences in the code.

My view all along has been the more simple the code, the better -- whether
it be in the individual income tax side or the corporate tax side. However,
I would readily concede to you this is a difficult issue because the reason
there is tax preferences in the first place are there are powerful
interests that have worked to get the preference in the code. And as I
remarked to the distinguished group of writers I was talking to yesterday,
it's much easier to get something in the code than get it out of the code.

But I do think it's in the interests to constantly evaluate our competitive
advantages and disadvantages. And what Hank Paulson told me was that
there's a lot of folks who really believe the tax code creates a
competitive disadvantage and therefore it's certainly worth looking at.

Q On the subject of tax preferences, what about carried interest? Do you
think that taxing those at capital gains rates is fair? A lot of people
think it's not.

THE PRESIDENT: First of all, I think, Mark, that what ends up happening is
that in trying to deal with one particular aspect of partnerships is that
you end up affecting all partnerships. And partnerships are an important
vehicle to encourage investment and capital flows. They've been important
vehicles to encourage the entrepreneurial spirit -- in other words, small
businesses have been organized as limited partnerships. So we're very, very
hesitant about trying to target one aspect of limited partnerships for fear
of the spillover it'll have in affecting small business growth. So we don't
support that.

Ann.

Q You've been clear about saying that you will veto overspending by
Congress when they come back next month to do appropriations bills. You've
also been clear you don't want to raise taxes. Can you do justice to the
kind of programs the government needs for bridges, for housing, and also
continue to spend as much as you do in the war in Iraq?

THE PRESIDENT: One can meet priorities if they set priorities. The problem
in Congress is they have trouble actually focusing on priorities.
Appropriators take their title seriously and they all feel like they got to
appropriate, which means there's a myriad of priorities. So the role of the
President, it seems to me, is to help Congress focus on that which is
important. We have a debate over that which is important, of course, but
one thing that we shouldn't have a debate over is whether or not it's
important to fund our troops in this war against radicals, extremists, the
war on terror. And I think we'll be able to get that kind of cooperation. I
would hope that they would get the defense bill to my desk as quickly as
possible.

Part of my concerns, of course, is that there are different sets of
priorities in both bodies. And it seems like to me that the Congress needs
to come together, solve their differences -- solve their differences first,
and then bring them to the White House and see if we can find
accommodation. I have proven in the past though, Ann, that one is able to
set priorities -- keep taxes low, grow the economy and reduce the deficit.
In other words, we have cut taxes, causing economic growth, which caused
there to be this year alone $187 billion more tax dollars coming into the
Treasury; the deficit is reduced to 1.5 percent of GDP, which on a 40-year
historical average is very low, or is low, below the average. And we've
proven that you can set priorities and meet obligations. And so the
Congress needs to learn to do that itself.

Q But you're confident that you can continue to sustain the kind of level
of spending that you've invested in, in Iraq?

THE PRESIDENT: I would certainly hope so, because when you say, sustain the
level of spending, you're mainly talking about making sure our troops have
what it takes to do the job we've asked them to do. I know there's a lot of
members who don't agree with the decisions I've made; I would certainly
hope they would agree, however, that once someone is in combat or in harm's
way, that they get the full support of the federal government. That's
exactly what their families expect and that's what the Commander-in-Chief
expects, as well.

Q Mr. President, I wanted to ask you about accountability. You're a big
believer in it, you've talked about it with regard to the public schools.
But given the performance of Iraqi leaders, given your decision to commute
the sentence of Lewis Libby, you've also stood by the Attorney General
recently -- there have been a lot of questions about your commitment to
accountability. And I'm wondering if you could give the American people
some clear examples of how you've held people accountable during your
presidency?

THE PRESIDENT: Lewis Libby was held accountable. He was declared guilty by
a jury and he's paid a high price for it.

Al Gonzales -- implicit in your questions is that Al Gonzales did something
wrong. I haven't seen Congress say he's done anything wrong. As a matter of
fact, I believe, David, we're watching a political exercise. I mean, this
is a man who has testified, he's sent thousands of papers up there. There's
no proof of wrong. Why would I hold somebody accountable who has done
nothing wrong? I mean, frankly, I think that's a typical Washington, D.C.
assumption -- not to be accusatory, I know you're a kind, open-minded
fellow, but you suggested holding the Attorney General accountable for
something he did wrong.

And as a matter of fact, I would hope Congress would become more prone to
deliver pieces of legislation that matter, as opposed to being the
investigative body. I mean, there have been over 600 different hearings
and, yet, they're struggling with getting appropriations bills to my desk.

Q If I could follow -- sorry. Given the decision to commute the sentence of
Libby and given the performance of Iraqi leaders, is it fair for people to
ask questions about your commitment to accountability?

THE PRESIDENT: I would hope people would say that I am deliberate in my
decision-making; I think about all aspects of the decisions I make; and I'm
a fair person.

Back to Iraq, no question they haven't made as much progress as I would
have hoped. But I also recognize how difficult the task is. And I repeat to
you the fundamental question is, does it matter whether or not there is a
self-governing entity that's an ally in the war on terror in Iraq? Does it
matter? Does it matter to a guy living in Crawford, Texas? Does it matter
to your children? As you know from these press conferences, I have come to
the conclusion that it does matter. And it does matter because enemies that
would like to do harm to the American people would be emboldened by
failure.

I recognize there's a debate here in America as to whether or not failure
in Iraq would cause there to be more danger here in America. I strongly
believe that's the case. It matters if the United States does not believe
in the universality of freedom. It matters to the security of people here
at home if we don't work to change the conditions that cause 19 kids to be
lured onto airplanes to come and murder our citizens.

The first question one has to ask on Iraq is, is it worth it? I could not
send a mother's child into combat if I did not believe it was necessary for
our short-term and long-term security to succeed in Iraq. Once you come to
the conclusion that it's worth it, then the question you must ask is, how
difficult is the task of a young democracy emerging? Those who study the
Articles of Confederation would recognize that there are difficult moments
in young democracies emerging, particularly after, in this case, tyrannical
rule.

That's not to say that, Dave, we shouldn't be pushing hard for all
opportunities for reconciliation. But for those of us who believe it's
worth it, we'll see progress. For those who believe it's not worth it,
there is no progress. And that's going to be the interesting debate. And
what it's going to come down to is whether or not the United States should
be in Iraq and in the region in a position to enable societies to begin to
embrace liberty for the long-term. This is an ideological struggle.

Now, I recognize some don't view it as an ideological struggle, but I
firmly believe it is an ideological struggle. And I believe it's a struggle
between the forces of moderation and reasonableness and good, and the
forces of murder and intolerance. And what has made the stakes so high is
that those forces of murder and intolerance have shown they have the
capacity to murder innocent people in our own country. I put that in the
context of accountability.

In the case of Iraq, it's a lot more complicated than just the passage of
four laws, even though I would hope they would get the four laws passed.
But again, I repeat, the threshold question, does it matter, does it matter
to our security here at home? And the answer is, absolutely, it does. It
does. And then the second question really for a lot of Americans is, can we
succeed? And in my mind, the answer to that is absolutely, not only we must
succeed, we can succeed.

Listen, thank you all for your time. I appreciate it.

END 11:18 A.M. EDT
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