Text 20227, 87 rader
Skriven 2014-12-05 01:43:00 av MICHAEL LOO (1:123/140)
     Kommentar till en text av NANCY BACKUS
Ärende: music 399
=================
 NB> In strictly oral societies, memorization is much more precise, and
 NB> less likely to have the changes that we expect nowadays.

The Telephone phenomenon is minimized in situations
where repetition plays a more important part, as in
earlier slower times.

 NB>> However, my point was that there were notation systems long before
 NB>> the modern eras, and music was passed along to be heard again.
 NB>> Like the earliest "books" on papyrus, not readily available to the
 NB>> masses, but certainly not lost... The printing press made things
 NB>> available to more people, from books to music to artwork...
 RH> But when/how was the notation system developed and how did it get to

Music notation was invented probably not much later than
any other kind of notation. The earliest verifiable was
from ancient Egypt but looks to my untrained eye pretty
much like any other clay tablet writing. I have ho idea
how it was determined to have depicted music.

 RH> be the world wide standard?

There is no world standard. We are familiar with our standard,
which is our de facto world standard, but there are hundreds
of notation systems. Ours, or variations of ours, has been mostly
adopted by ethnomusicologists and thus takes over in our
consciousness.

 NB> Notation in any form existed probably before the Christian era... the

For sure. I'd be willing to venture a guess that
Hindi and Chinese musical notation are closer to
their BC origins than what we use.

 NB> system we are more familiar with was developed after that, but
 NB> probably not that far into the Christian era.

Neumic notation, though the obvious predecessor to
ours, and actually not too difficult to read for
someone reasonably versed in modern music (though I
have to read up on the conventions every time), was
a mediaeval invention.

   It still isn't exactly
 NB> THE world wide standard, as I understand that there are other notations
 NB> still in use, for example in the Mid and Far East...  European music
 NB> from before the baroque era was using essentially the notation system
 NB> we have today... there has been more standardization since, to be sure,
 NB> but early music isn't that hard to read...

It was sometime during the renaissance that our
current system evolved. By the baroque it was
mostly as we know it now, but even at the time of
Leopold Mozart, say, many treatises were written
regarding how to write and interpret the symbols,
so it was a pretty hot topic then.

---------- Recipe via Meal-Master (tm) v7.04

  Title: Ben & Jerry's Raspberry Ice Cream
 Categories: Ice cream, Fruits, Desserts
   Servings:  1

  1     pt Fresh raspberries     2 lg Eggs
  1 1/2 c  Sugar                 2 c  Heavy or whipping cream
    1/2    Lemon; juice of       1 c  Milk

  Compare to other fresh fruit, raspberries are intensely flavorful and very
  tart, so to make ice cream you need less fruit and more sugar. Toss the
  raspberries, 3/4 cup sugar, and the lemon juice together in a bowl. Cover
  and refrigerate for 2 hr, stirring every 30 min. Whisk the eggs in a
  mixing bowl until light and fluffy, 1-2 min. Whisk in thr remaining 3/4
  cup sugar, a little at a time, then continue whisking until completely
  blended, about 1 min more. Pour in the heavy cream and milk and whisk to
  blend. Drain the juice from the raspberries into the cream mixture and
  blend. Mash the raspberries until pureed and stir them into the cream
  mixture. Transfer the mixture to an ice cream maker and freeze following
  the manufacturer's instructions. Makes 1 generous quart.
   NOTE: If you prefer a chunkier raspberry ice cream, return the raspberries
  to the refrigerator after pouring off the juice. After the ice cream
  stiffens, about 2 min before it is done, add the whole raspberries.

-----

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